Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation over Organic Tissue of Simulated Internal Root Resorption

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on dissolving the organic tissue inside simulated internal root resorption (IRR) using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) or chlorhexidine (CHX). A total of 40 human lower premolars were collected based on dimensional and morphological similarities. The roots were embedded in cylinders (3 cm diameter; 2.5 cm height) of self-cured acrylic resin, and then an IRR was simulated. The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to irrigation protocols: group 1: CHX + PUI; group 2: CHX; group 3: NaOCl + PUI; group 4: NaOCl. The total irrigation time was 150 s at a flow rate of 5 mL/min. A tissue mass of porcine palatine mucosa was used to simulate the organic tissue, it was weighed before and after the irrigation using an analytic balance, and the difference between both readings was calculated and transferred to percentage values. Data were submitted to statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA (factors: irrigant type and with/without PUI) and Tukey’s test for multiple comparisons among the experimental groups (α = 0.05). There was a significant difference in both factors (irrigant: p = 0.04 ; PUI: p ≤ 0.001 ). The groups that used PUI were more effective in dissolving the organic tissue of the IRR simulation than the groups without PUI. PUI is more effective than the syringe and needle irrigation in organic tissue dissolution.

Antimicrobial Action, Genotoxicity, and Morphological Analysis of Three Calcium Silicate‐Based Cements

“…There is an involvement of diverse factors including microorganisms, their byproducts, and growth factors [ 20 ]. However, the effective disinfection is not given by the CSCs alone, but by the irrigants, intracanal medications, and the complementary techniques [ 21 – 25 ] highlighting the sealing role of the CSCs [ 2 , 4 , 26 ].…”

“…Finally, the CSCs have a finality of promoting tissue repair in interesting areas for apexogensis, apexification, and apicectomy [ 3 – 5 , 35 ] or sealing of perforated area [ 2 ] and some advantages in vital pulp therapy approaches [ 36 ]. Thus, the most expected of these material are not to be genotoxic, and has antimicrobial action, or to not favor the contamination; still, this action may be improved by the use of antimicrobial agents like sodium hypochlorite and others [ 24 , 37 , 38 ] and by complementary technique like photodynamic therapy and passive ultrasonic irrigation [ 21 , 23 , 25 , 37 ].…”

Antimicrobial action of four herbal plants over mixed‐species biofilms of Candida albicans with four different microorganisms

“…In endodontic infections, there is an increased demand to use alternative intracanal medications [3,29] and complementary techniques [2,50,51] to improve the root canal system disinfection. This study tried to collaborate by suggesting alternative antimicrobials in order to decrease the use of antibiotics and antifungals as intracanal medication.…”

Sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine digluconate in endodontics

“…In endodontics, success is related to microbial disinfection being one of the most important steps. Endodontic treatment aims at the removal of microorganisms present within the root canal system, as well as the removal of inflamed/necrotic pulp tissue using chemical substances with high antimicrobial action, to ensure complete disinfection of root canals (Abu Hasna et al, 2019, 2020, 2021.…”

“…Among the materials capable of performing disinfection and having great effectiveness in endodontic treatment, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine correspond and pay attention to the above needs, provided that they are used correctly and without extravasation so that no lesions occur to the applied tissue (Abu Hasna et al, 2020, 2021Carvalho et al, 2020;Oliveira et al, 2022).…”