Effect of PEDOT Nanofibril Networks on the Conductivity, Flexibility, and Coatability of PEDOT:PSS Films

Abstract

The use of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) in electrodes and electrical circuits presents a number of challenges that are yet to be overcome, foremost amongst which are its relatively low conductivity, low coatability on hydrophobic substrates, and decreased conductivity at large strains. With this in mind, this study suggests a simple way to simultaneously address all of these issues through the addition of a small amount of a nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100) to commercial PEDOT:PSS solutions. This surfactant is shown to considerably reduce the surface tension of the PEDOT:PSS solution, thus permitting conformal coatings of PEDOT:PSS thin film on a diverse range of hydrophobic substrates. Furthermore, this surfactant induces the formation of PEDOT nanofibrils during coating, which led to the high conductivity values and mechanical stability at large strains (ε=10.3%). Taking advantage of the superior characteristics of these PEDOT:PSS thin films, a highly flexible polymer solar cell was fabricated. The power conversion efficiency of this solar cell (3.14% at zero strain) was preserved at large strains (ε=7.0%).

Optical properties and conductivity of PEDOT:PSS films treated by polyethylenimine solution for organic solar cells

“…The adding of 5 wt.% EG into the pristine PH1000 solution leads to slight reduction of PEDOT:PSS film thickness [24]. The posttreatment of sulfuric acid reduces the thickness from 113 (PH1000-p film) to 57 nm (PH1000-SA) because of the removal of the PSS, which is also consistent with the report in literature [25][26].…”

Effective Approaches to Improve the Electrical Conductivity of PEDOT:PSS: A Review

“…[93][94][95][96][97][98] PEG is a watersoluble polymer and possesses excellent fi lm forming, emulsifying, and adhesive properties. Wang et al [ 93 ] systematically investigated the effect of PEG with different concentrations and molecular weights on the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS, and found that the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS/PEG hybrid fi lms was enhanced compared to the PEDOT:PSS pristine fi lm.…”

Structure and design of polymers for durable, stretchable organic electronics

“…Phase-inducing additives such as dimethyl sulfoxide, 137,138 ethylene glycol 139,140 and fluorosurfactants 141,142 are known to improve electrical properties by creating larger domains for charge transport. Insulating additives such as block copolymer surfactants 60 and crosslinking agents, 126 lower electrical performance.…”