Effect of phytoplasmal infection on concentration and translocation of carbohydrates and amino acids in periwinkle and tobacco

Lepka, P; Stitt, Mark; Moll, E.; Seemüller, E.

doi:10.1006/pmpp.1999.0202

Cited by 149 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Catlin et al (1975) also reported that there was a considerable accumulation of carbohydrates and starch in leaves of pear decline-diseased pear trees and a greatly reduced transport of phytosynthetically fixed 14 C from the leaves of affected trees. In C. roseus roots, soluble carbohydrates were not markedly altered, but starch was considerably reduced when infected with the grapevine yellowing and apple proliferation phytoplasmas (Lepka et al, 1999). In tobacco roots, there was a general decrease in soluble carbohydrates and starch following infection by the apple proliferation phytoplasma (Lepka et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In C. roseus roots, soluble carbohydrates were not markedly altered, but starch was considerably reduced when infected with the grapevine yellowing and apple proliferation phytoplasmas (Lepka et al, 1999). In tobacco roots, there was a general decrease in soluble carbohydrates and starch following infection by the apple proliferation phytoplasma (Lepka et al, 1999). Higher amino acid content was found in the source and sink leaves of ash yellows phytoplasma-infected C. roseus and source leaves of apple proliferation infected tobacco (Lepka et al, 1999).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In tobacco roots, there was a general decrease in soluble carbohydrates and starch following infection by the apple proliferation phytoplasma (Lepka et al, 1999). Higher amino acid content was found in the source and sink leaves of ash yellows phytoplasma-infected C. roseus and source leaves of apple proliferation infected tobacco (Lepka et al, 1999). The carotenoids content in aster yellows phytoplasmainfected leaves began to diminish 6 weeks after infection.…”

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confidence: 97%

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Metabolic Discrimination ofCatharanthus roseusLeaves Infected by Phytoplasma Using 1H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

et al. 2004

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A comprehensive metabolomic profiling of Catharanthus roseus L. G. Don infected by 10 types of phytoplasmas was carried out using one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy followed by principal component analysis (PCA), an unsupervised clustering method requiring no knowledge of the data set and used to reduce the dimensionality of multivariate data while preserving most of the variance within it. With a combination of these techniques, we were able to identify those metabolites that were present in different levels in phytoplasma-infected C. roseus leaves than in healthy ones. The infection by phytoplasma in C. roseus leaves causes an increase of metabolites related to the biosynthetic pathways of phenylpropanoids or terpenoid indole alkaloids: chlorogenic acid, loganic acid, secologanin, and vindoline. Furthermore, higher abundance of Glc, Glu, polyphenols, succinic acid, and Suc were detected in the phytoplasma-infected leaves. The PCA of the 1 H-NMR signals of healthy and phytoplasma-infected C. roseus leaves shows that these metabolites are major discriminating factors to characterize the phytoplasma-infected C. roseus leaves from healthy ones. Based on the NMR and PCA analysis, it might be suggested that the biosynthetic pathway of terpenoid indole alkaloids, together with that of phenylpropanoids, is stimulated by the infection of phytoplasma.

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confidence: 92%

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Metabolic Discrimination ofCatharanthus roseusLeaves Infected by Phytoplasma Using 1H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

et al. 2004

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“…Changes in free Ca 2+ in sieve tube sap have been proposed to be important in the regulation of phloem transport (Adviushko et al 1997;Brauer et al 1998). Indeed, the translocation of carbohydrates is reduced in phytoplasma infected plants (Lepka et al 1999). Volk and Franceschi (2000) showed the evidence for the existence of a calcium channel in the sieve tube plasma membrane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of ultrastructure and cytoplasmic free calcium in Gladiolus x hybridus Van Houtte roots infected by aster yellows phytoplasma

Rudzińska-Langwald

Kamińska

2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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Roots of Gladiolus x hybridusVan Houtte plants infected with aster yellows phytoplasma were examined. The infected plants had a reduced root system in comparison to control plants. Their roots were thinner and the stele organisation was changed. Phytoplasmas were present in sieve tubes, companion cells and phloem parenchyma cells of the infected plant roots. Free calcium ions were localized in the cells of infected plants. Cells of the stele of infected roots, especially these infected with phytoplasmas, showed an increase of calcium antimonite deposits in theirs protoplasts. Also the number of calcium antimonite deposits increased in sieve tubes of infected roots. The deposits were present on plasma membrane, around the sieve tube plate and also in the lumen of the sieve tube. The increase of free calcium ions in sieve tubes did not cause the occlusion of sieve tube pores. Companion cells and some parenchyma cells with phytoplasmas did not react to phytoplasma infection with an increase of Ca 2+ ions in protoplast. The parenchyma cells showing signs of degeneration reacted with high increase of calcium ions. The Ca 2+ ions were present mainly in cytoplasm of infected parenchyma cells. There were calcium antimonite deposits in infected plant roots xylem elements and in intracellular spaces of cortex parenchyma. Such deposits were not present in control plants.KEY WORDS: phloem structure, calcium deposits, phytoplasma, aster yellows.

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“…However, no conclusive experiments could confirm these hypotheses. More recently, it was shown that phytoplasma infection of Catharanthus roseus severely impaired carbohydrate partitioning, suggesting that sugar metabolism was involved in the interactions of mollicutes with their host plants (Lepka et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucose and trehalose PTS permeases of Spiroplasma citri probably share a single IIA domain, enabling the spiroplasma to adapt quickly to carbohydrate changes in its environment

et al. 2003

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Spiroplasma citri is a plant-pathogenic mollicute phylogenetically related to Gram-positive bacteria. Spiroplasma cells are restricted to the phloem sieve tubes and are transmitted from plant to plant by the leafhopper vector Circulifer haematoceps. In the plant sieve tubes, S. citri grows on glucose and fructose, whereas in the leafhopper haemolymph the spiroplasma must grow on trehalose, the major sugar in insects. Previous studies in this laboratory have shown that fructose utilization was a key factor of spiroplasmal pathogenicity. To further study the implication of sugar metabolism in the interactions of S. citri with its plant host and its leafhopper vector, genes encoding permease enzymes II (EII Glc and EII Tre ) of the S. citri phosphoenolpyruvate : glucose and phosphoenolpyruvate : trehalose phosphotransferase systems (PTS) were characterized. Mapping studies revealed that the EII Glc complex was split into two distinct polypeptides, IIA Glc and IICB Glc , encoded by two separate genes, crr and ptsG, respectively. As expected, S. citri polypeptides IIA Glc and IICB Glc were more phylogenetically related to their counterparts from Gram-positive than to those from Gram-negative bacteria. The trehalose operon consisted of three genes treR, treP and treA, encoding a transcriptional regulator, the PTS permease (EII Tre ) and the amylase, respectively. However, in contrast to the fructose-PTS permease, which is encoded as a single polypeptide (IIABC Fru ) containing the three domains A, B and C, the trehalose-PTS permease (IIBC Tre ) lacks its own IIA domain. No trehalose-specific IIA could be identified in the spiroplasmal genome, suggesting that the IIBC Tre permease probably functions with the IIA Glc domain. In agreement with this statement, yeast two-hybrid system experiments revealed that the IIA Glc domain interacted not only with IIB Glc but also with the IIB Tre domain. The results are discussed with respect to the ability of the spiroplasma to adapt from the phloem sap of the host plant to the haemolymph and salivary gland cells of the insect vector.

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Effect of phytoplasmal infection on concentration and translocation of carbohydrates and amino acids in periwinkle and tobacco

Cited by 149 publications

References 16 publications

Metabolic Discrimination ofCatharanthus roseusLeaves Infected by Phytoplasma Using 1H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

Metabolic Discrimination ofCatharanthus roseusLeaves Infected by Phytoplasma Using 1H-NMR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis

Changes of ultrastructure and cytoplasmic free calcium in Gladiolus x hybridus Van Houtte roots infected by aster yellows phytoplasma

Glucose and trehalose PTS permeases of Spiroplasma citri probably share a single IIA domain, enabling the spiroplasma to adapt quickly to carbohydrate changes in its environment

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