Effect of Purified Saponin Mixture fromAstragalus corniculatuson Toxicity Models in Isolated Rat Hepatocytes

Abstract

A purified saponin mixture (PSM) isolated from Astragalus corniculatus Bieb. (Fabaceae) was investigated for its protective effect in two models of toxicity, carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), using isolated rat hepatocytes. CCl 4 undergoes dehalogenation in the liver endoplasmic reticulum. This process leads to trichlormethyl radical (CCl 3 ) formation, initiation of lipid peroxidation, and measurable toxic effects on the hepatocytes. Oxidative damage is widely recognized as being involved in the development of many pathological conditions. In our experiment, t-BuOOH was used as a model of oxidative stress. The hepatocytes were incubated with the PSM alone (0.01-100 µM) and along with CCl 4 (86 µM) and t-BuOOH (75 µM). As a sign of cytotoxicity, cell viability was used. CCl 4 and t-BuOOH significantly decreased hepatocyte viability. Our data indicate that PSM showed lower toxic effects compared to CCl 4 and t-BuOOH and in combination exerted statistically significant protection of cell viability against the toxic agents.

Protective Effects of a Purified Saponin Mixture from Astragalus corniculatus Bieb., in vivo Hepatotoxicity Models

“…) was investigated for biological activity mainly in vitro ( Krasteva et al ., ). In a study, using isolated rat hepatocytes, PSM showed hepatoprotective effects against chemical injury, induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) and tert‐butylhydroperoxide (Mitcheva et al ., ). In another study carried out in liver microsomes, isolated from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats, we demonstrated an antioxidant activity of PSM under conditions of enzyme‐ and non‐enzyme‐induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) (Simeonova et al ., ).…”

SomeIn Vitro/In VivoChemically-Induced Experimental Models of Liver Oxidative Stress in Rats

“…All these radicals cause lipid peroxidation process [25, 26]: $\begin{array}{c}{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{3}}\text{COOH}⟶{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{3}}\text{CO}{\text{O}}^{•}+{\text{e}}^{-}+{\text{H}}^{+}\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{c}{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{3}}\text{COOH}+{\text{e}}^{-}\mathrm{27}\text{F}\mathrm{6}{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{3}}\text{C}{\text{O}}^{•}+\text{O}{\text{H}}^{-}\end{array}$ $\begin{array}{c}{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{3}}\text{C}{\text{O}}^{•}⟶{\left(\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\right)}_{\mathrm{2}}\text{CO}+{}^{•}\text{C}{\text{H}}_{\mathrm{3}}\end{array}$ Experiments on isolated hepatocytes are thus a useful model system for evaluation of the toxic effect of various prooxidants which act directly on mitochondrial enzymes. In our experiments using freshly isolated rat hepatocytes we found that t-BHP (75  μ mol L −1 ) decreases cell viability [27, 28]. It causes leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and formation of malondialdehyde in hepatocytes.…”

Neuroprotective and antioxidant activities of saponins’ mixture from Astragalus glycyphylloides in a model of 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative stress on isolated rat brain synaptosomes

“…In our previous investigations was found antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of saponins and saponins' mixtures, obtained from different species of genus Astragalus -A. corniculatus, A. hamosus, A. monspessulanus (Mitcheva et al 2008(Mitcheva et al , 2009Kondeva-Burdina et al 2014). The effect of saponins from A. glycyphylloides, administered alone, on isolated rat brain synaptosomes and hepatocytes were also studied (Popov et al 2018).…”