Effect of raw material composition of wood plastic composites on surface roughness parameters evaluated with a robust filtering method

Abstract

This study extensively investigated the surface roughness of injection molded wood plastic composites (WPCs) produced from different amounts of wood flour, polymer matrix, mineral filler, and other additives. A larger range of roughness parameters that used in the previous literature were obtained from nine different WPC compositions by using a robust filtering method (robust Gaussian regression filter) to have a better understanding of the overlaying quality of the WPC samples. Three melt flow index (MFI) of the polymer were tested (MFI 3.6, 12, and 25). It was found that WPCs produced with the polypropylene having a MFI value of 25 were the smoothest. It was noticed that not only the wood flour percentage matters but the combination of wood flour–mineral filler was also important. The WPC compositions with lower polymer amount in favor of more wood flour and mineral filler led to rougher surfaces. A decrease of wood flour in favor of increasing the mineral filler participation percentage had a surface smoothing effect. At the same wood flour content, a decrease in polymer combined with an increase in mineral filler led to rougher WPC surface. Among the tested WPC compositions, the smoothest surface was obtained in the specimens produced from 50% wood flour, 0% mineral filler, and around 40% polymer by weight. The results should be helpful to anticipate the effect on surface roughness of the percentage participation for each amount of the wood or mineral filler, polymer matrix, and additives in further development of WPC combinations.

Surface roughness and chip morphology of wood-plastic composites manufactured via high-speed milling

“…Surface roughness is an important factor that affects the properties of WPCs (Hutyrova et al 2014). According to Gurau and Ayrilmis (2019), the surface roughness of WPCs is affected by the composition of the raw materials used for manufacturing. Pang et al (2020) believed that cutting parameters are the main factors determining the surface morphology of the workpiece.…”

Pengembangan Wood Plastic Composite (WPC) Melalui Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik dan Serbuk Gergaji Kayu

“…Untuk polymer jenis termoplastik penyatuan campuran material membutuhkan temperatur dan tekanan. Seperti pada pencetakan dengan proses hotpress (Slamet, 2013) (Nurwendi, Simpen, & Negara, 2016) dan injection molding (Gurau & Ayrilmis, 2018) (Bledzki, Mamun, & Volk, 2010) atau proses pembuatan tanpa tekanan seperti layup (Yudhyadi & Sari, 2013).…”

“…Studi tentang karakteristik WPC telah banyak dilakukan. WPC dikembangkan menggunakan berbagai jenis pasangan plastik-kayu, diantaranya; Kayu sengon-polyester (Rahman, Sudarisman, & Nugroho, 2018) kayu kelapa-resin epoksi (Poyoh, Rauf, & Lumintang, 2013) (Puja, 2010), kayu kamper-LDPE (Nurwendi et al, 2016), kayu jati-HDPE (Bootkul, Butkul, & Intarasiri, 2017) pinus-PP (Gurau & Ayrilmis, 2018), serat kulit durian (durian husk fibre)polystyrene (Chu et al, 2018), daun dan tangkai cabai-PP (Valles-Rosales, Rodríguez-Picón, Méndez-González, del Valle-Carrasco, & Alodan, 2016), serat serabut kelapa-PVC (Rimdusit, Damrongsakkul, Wongmanit, Saramas, & Tiptipakorn, 2011), limbah bongkaran konstruksi, CDW-HDPE (Hyvärinen, Ronkanen, & Kärki, 2019). Mahoni-resin polyester (Gapsari & Setyarini, 2010), mahoni-PP (Vedat, 2020).…”

“…Pemilihan coupling agent pada pembuatan WPC didasarkan pada pasangan jenis plastik dan reinforced-nya (natural fibre). Fenton (H2O2/Fe2+) digunakan sebagai agen pengkopel komposit campuran kayu kamper dan LDPE (Nurwendi et al, 2016), Maleic anhydrid (MAH) digunakan sebagi agen pengkopel komposit campuran kayu pinus dan polypropylene (PP) (Gurau & Ayrilmis, 2018).…”

Perancangan dan Analisis Kekuatan Rangka Cetakan Komposit Kayu-Plastik Menggunakan Finite Element Analysis

“…Untuk struktural komposit terdiri dari laminates [4] dan sandwich panel [5]. Proses pencetakan WPC dapat menggunakan proses hotpress [6], [7], injection molding [8], [9], atau lay-up [10].…”