Effect of restricted feeding on metabolic adaptations of Kamphaengsaen and crossbred Brahman heifers

Abstract

Metabolic adaptation during feed deprivation was determined in five Kamphaengsaen (KPS) and six crossbred Brahman (Crossbred Bra) heifers. All heifers were fed at the rate of 85% of the metabolizable energy requirement for maintenance. At the end of 20 days of restricted feeding, the Crossbred Bra heifers lost more bodyweight than the KPS heifers (12.0 vs. 7.2 kg) (P < 0.05). In both groups of heifers there was a similar depletion of back-fat thickness, however, the loin eye area of the Crossbred Bra heifers decreased more than KPS heifers (8.43 vs. 0.92%; P < 0.05). Feed restriction elevated the rate of lipolysis in adipose tissue, resulting in increased nonesterified fatty acids concentrations in plasma. The Crossbred Bra heifers had a greater serum high density lipoprotein triacylglycerol concentration than the KPS heifers (17.02 vs. 9.53 mg/dL; P < 0.05). This would suggest that the hepatic tissues in the Crossbred Bra heifers exported more triacylglycerols as very low density lipoprotein than in the KPS heifers. During the feed restriction period, the plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration for the heifers was elevated; however, Crossbred Bra heifers shown less plasma β-hydroxybutyrate concentration than KPS heifers (242 vs. 326 µmol/L; P < 0.05). This may be due to the difference in very low density lipoprotein secretion between the two groups of heifers. There were significant differences in plasma urea-nitrogen and plasma glucose concentrations (P < 0.05), with the KPS heifers showing less extensive plasma urea-nitrogen concentration and hypoglycemia, whereas the Crossbred Bra heifers had more extensive plasma ureanitrogen concentration and euglycemia. These two metabolites were suggestive of a ketogenic effect on muscle protein catabolism. In conclusion, it was found that the underfed KPS heifers utilized ketone bodies as their energy source, thus limiting body protein degradation, whereas the Crossbred Bra adapted to feed deprivation by exhibiting an auto-regulation mechanism for ketogenesis and broke down body protein extensively to satisfy their demand for glucose.

Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats

“…It is not in accordance with previous studies in some large animals. It is reported that intake restriction resulted in a significant decrease of blood glucose concentration in cattle [12,13], in diary cows [14], deer [4] and horse [15]. Furthermore, previous studies also showed that reduced feed consumption resulted in metabolic disorder in cattle, sheep, deer, ilama, and rats [3,4,5,6], disturbance of acid-base balance of body fluids [7], and hepatic lipidosis [8].…”

Beef quality traits of heifer in comparison with steer, bull and cow at various feeding environments

“…The above results suggest that genetic differences and feed quantity, at a constant environmental condition, may play an important role in metabolism and ultimately affect the beef quality produced in different breeds of heifers (Klinhom et al . ). A study was conducted in Sweden by Hessle et al .…”

“…It resulted in extensive breakdown of body protein to compensate their glucose requirement. The above results suggest that genetic differences and feed quantity, at a constant environmental condition, may play an important role in metabolism and ultimately affect the beef quality produced in different breeds of heifers Klinhom et al 2006 Charolais crossbred heifers Three groups of 15 heifers began the experiment indoors were offered grass silage ad libitum and 3 kg of concentrate/heifer daily. The concentrate consisted of rolled barley (430 g/kg), molassesed sugar beet pulp (430 g/kg), soybean meal (80 g/kg), molasses (45g/kg), and a mineral and vitamin mix (15 g/kg).…”

“…Studies by Klinhom et al . () showed that restricted feeding of Kamphaeng Saen breed ( Bos taurus × Bos indicus ) and the crossbred Brahman ( Bos indicus ) heifers in tropical conditions for durations of 20 days showed different metabolic adaptations. Underfed Kamphaeng Saen heifers utilized ketone bodies as their energy source.…”

Effect of diet type on performance and metabolic traits of Peruvian local and introduced cow types kept at 200 and 3600 m of altitude

“…There were no clear indications in the other traits measured that the CR cows tolerated the low-quality diet better than the BS cows. Lower plasma urea levels of CR with diet DS (on the verge of significance) indicate that, compared to BS, less body protein could have been degraded (Klinhom et al, 2006). Also IGF-I, involved in the suppression of body protein degradation (Therkildsen, 2005), was higher in CR with diet DS (even though C × D interaction was not significant).…”