The aromatase enzyme is an enzyme that converts testosterone to estrogen. This means that by administering aromatase blockers, testosterone levels increase and estrogen levels decrease. The problem faced is how the spermatogenesis process occurs because estrogen is needed as well in the process. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological features of the testes due to the administration of natural aromatase blockers (NAB). Fifteen male Bangkok chickens were divided into 5 groups, namely: control group (C); testosterone continues (Tc 0.4 mg/bird/day); natural aromatase blockers 33 (NAB 3.3 g/bird); natural aromatase blockers 66 (NAB 6.6 g/bird); zinc (Zn): 0.45 mg/kg body weight (BW). The oral treatment was given for 35 days. The results showed that NAB did not affect wattle growth, but significantly affected testicle weight (p-value < 0.05). The NAB 66 group had the heaviest testis weight, followed by zinc, continuous testosterone, NAB 33 group, and the control group. This results was confirmed by HE staining on the testes which showed the thickness of the thickest spermatogenic and spermatid cell layers in the NAB 66 group. It was concluded that giving NAB did not harm the spermatogenesis process.

ARTICLES YOU MAY BE INTERESTED INChitosan-gelatine membrane construct with different cinnamaldehyde concentration as drug delivery system in oral cavity AIP Conference Proceedings 1755, 160006 (2016) Abstract. Influence of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters in Kacang goats was studied. Nine clinically healthy female adult goats were used in this study. Animals were kept in individual box for 8 weeks. During the first 4 weeks the animals were fed at the level of about 40% of the feed requirement for maintenance plus medium activity (the restricted feeding period) and during the 5 th -8 th week (the fullfeeding period) they were offered full feed intake for maintenance plus medium activity (dry matter intake at the level of 3% of body weight). Feed intake was measured daily and the body weight was measured weekly. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 4 th week and the 8 th week for blood chemistry analyses. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the effects of feed intake on blood chemistry parameters. Restricted feeding (0.320±0.065 kg dry matter/d) for 4 weeks in clinically healthy female adult Kacang goats resulted in a decrease of body weight gain as well as serum calcium and protein concentrations, but in an increase of serum creatinine and inorganic phosphate concentrations. No significant feed intake related changings of blood pH and base excess were observed. There were some indications that the animals might use their fat and protein as energy reserves during the restricted feeding. In conclusion, nutritional status has significant influence on some blood chemistry parameters in Indonesian Kacang goats. Serum calcium, inorganic phosphate, creatinine, and protein concentrations are nutritionally related blood metabolits which are useful for assessment of nutritional status in Kacang goats.

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The albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio can be an immunological indicator of sheep which can be influenced by reproductive status such as pregnant and lactation conditions. However, a study of A/G ratio during pregnant and lactation in thin-tailed sheep is still lack. This study aimed to determine the levels of A/G ratio in thin-tailed sheep during pregnancy and lactation. This study used twelve of ewes thin-tailed sheeps (seven pregnant sheeps, and five lactating sheeps) rearing in Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Blood samples were collected through the jugular vein and filled into the EDTA tube and then albumin and total protein were measured. The levels of globulin were calculated by subtracting the total protein with albumin. The mean of A/G ratio in pregnant and lactation thin-tailed sheep was 0.72±0.18, and 0.57±0.15, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significantly difference in A/G ratio between pregnant and lactation (P>0.05). In conclusion, the difference in physiological status (pregnancy versus lactation) had no significant effect on the A/G ratio in thin-tailed sheep.