Effect of silver diamine fluoride and potassium iodide on shear bond strength of glass ionomer cements to caries-affected dentine

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and potassium iodide (KI) treatment on dentine discolouration and the shear bond strength (SBS) of glass ionomer cements (GICs) to artificial caries‐affected dentine. Materials and methods Dentine slices from human molars were demineralised to mimic caries‐affected dentine. They were randomly allocated for treatment (n = 20 per treatment) with SDF + KI, SDF (positive control) or water (negative control). All slices were immersed in the artificial saliva for 24 hours after treatments. The colour of the treated surfaces was assessed using the CIELAB system. Lightness values were measured. Total colour change (∆E) was calculated using water as the reference group, and was visible to the naked eyes if ∆E > 3.7. All dentine slices were bonded with GICs. The SBS was assessed using a universal testing machine. Colour parameters and the SBS were analysed using a one‐way ANOVA test. Results The slices treated with SDF + KI had a higher lightness value those slices treated with water, whereas those treated with SDF presented a lower lightness value compared with those treated with water. The treatment with SDF + KI did not introduce any adverse colour effect to demineralised dentine (∆E = 14.4), whereas the application of SDF alone caused significant staining (∆E = 24.6). The SBS values (mean ± SD) after treatment with SDF + KI, SDF and water were 3.0 ± 1.4 MPa, 2.3 ± 0.9 MPa and 2.6 ± 1.1 MPa, respectively (P = 0.217). Conclusion The immediate application of KI solution after SDF treatment does not negatively affect adhesion of GICs to artificial caries‐affected dentine. Moreover, KI treatment can reduce discolouration of demineralised dentine caused by SDF.

Effect of silver diamine fluoride solution application on the bond strength of dentine to adhesives and to glass ionomer cements: a systematic review

“…The predominant test adopted was mTBS test, which was used in seven studies [23,26,28,29,[31][32][33]. The SBS and mSBS test was used in three [24,25,34] and two [27,30] studies, respectively. Regarding the dental substrate, human tooth dentine was used in all of the studies, except one study conducted two decades ago which used bovine dentine [35].…”

“…Regarding the dental substrate, human tooth dentine was used in all of the studies, except one study conducted two decades ago which used bovine dentine [35]. Sound dentine of human teeth was the most commonly used dental substrate [25,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], while demineralized dentine created by immersing sound dentine in demineralized solution was also adopted in some studies [23,24,29,31].…”

“…In the majority of the studies, 38% SDF solution was used. Apart from that, a commercial SDF/KI product (Riva Star, SDI Limited, Victoria, Australia) was adopted in four studies [24,25,30,32]. Besides, it was found that two included studies used a saturated potassium iodine (KI) solution instead of commercially available products.…”

“…Table 3 shows the findings regarding the bond strength of dentine to GICs. Three studies made a conclusion that application of SDF had no adverse influence on the bond strength [24,26,29]. In addition, one study showed that SDF application followed by light illumination of dentine surface resulted in a higher bond strength value (p < 0.05) [29].…”

“…It was speculated that the bond strength was not adversely affected as long as the precipitates of SDF/KI reaction on the dentine surface was rinsed away after the application, otherwise leaving the SDF/KI precipitates on the dentine surface reduced the bond strength significantly [34]. Three included studies in Table 2 Main findings of the effect of SDF application on the bond strength of dentine to etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesive systems which the precipitates of SDF/KI reaction on the dentine surface were rinsed away with water found no adverse influence on the bond strength [24,25,30]. On the contrary, one study reported that with a rinsing procedure after SDF/KI application the bond strength still reduced significantly [23].…”