Effect of Superfine Grinding on Antidiabetic Activity of Bitter Melon Powder

Abstract

The antidiabetic activities of bitter melon powders produced with lyophilization/superfine grinding and hot air drying/normal grinding were investigated in vivo for selecting a suitable bitter melon processing procedure. After a five-week treatment, bitter melon lyophilized superfine grinding powder (BLSP) had a higher antidiabetic activity with reducing fasting blood glucose levels from 21.40 to 12.54 mmol/L, the serum insulin levels from 40.93 to 30.74 mIU/L, and restoring activities of SOD compared with those in the bitter melon hot air drying powder (BAP) treated group. Furthermore, BLSP protected pancreatic tissues including islet beta cells and reduced the loss of islet cells. Combined with the difference of compositions in BLSP and BAP, it could be concluded that superfine grinding and lyophilization processes were beneficial for presenting the antidiabetic activity, which will provide a reference for direct utilization of bitter melon as a suitable functional food to relieve symptoms of diabetes.

Changes in physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activities of Jerusalem artichoke tea infusions resulting from different production processes

“…4A) because the surface area for reaction with water and the content of the component for dissolution in water were both increased at smaller particle sizes. These results were in agreement with a report of Zhu et al (27) in which grinding of bitter melon power increased the water solubility index. The decrease in particle size of bitter melon resulted in an increase in levels of water soluble sugars and proteins.…”

“…5B). Zhu et al (27) suggested that grinding improves the extraction efficiency for nutritional components Non-grinding group, 12 mesh; Group 1 (coarse), 12 mesh or greater; Group 2 (moderate), 12-40 mesh; Group 3 (fine), 40 mesh and smaller 2) All values are presented as a mean±SD. Values with different letters indicate significant differences among groups at p<0.05 based on a oneway ANOVA.…”

Superfine grinding improves functional properties and antioxidant capacities of bran dietary fibre from Qingke (hull-less barley) grown in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

“…This technology plays an important role in application of DF (Zhao et al, 2009). Compared with other samples ground with traditional mechanical methods, superfine powder bears good physical properties like lowering the interfacial tension and effect of steric hindrance (Zhu et al, 2012;Ting et al, 2014). To date, the superfine grinding technology has also been applied in biotechnology (Wu et al, 2012) and foodstuffs, such as ginger powder (Zhao et al, 2009), Astragalus membranaceus powder (Zhao et al, 2010), wheat bran DF and wine grape pomace DF (Zhu et al, 2014).…”

Bitter melon: a panacea for inflammation and cancer

“…Various extracts of MC are studied for biological activities, including anti-oxidant [15] , anti-diabetic [16] , anti-cancer [17] , anti-inflammatory [18] , anti-bacterial [19] , antifungal [20] , anti-viral [21] , anti-HIV [22] , anti-helminthic [23] , anti-mycobac-terial [24] , hypotensive [25] , anti-obesity [26] , immunomodulatory [27] , anti-hyperlipidemic [28] , hepatoprotective [29] , and neuropro-tective [30] activities. Several chemical constituents such as cucurbitane type triterpenoids, cucurbitane type glycosides, triterpene saponins, phenolic, and flavonoid compounds, and some protein fractions have been isolated from MC [31] .…”