Effect of supplementing phytase to corn- or wheat-based gestation and lactation diets on nutrient digestibility and sow and litter performance

Abstract

Nyachoti, C. M., Sands, J. S., Connor, M. L. and Adeola, O. 2006. Effect of supplementing phytase to corn-or wheat-based gestation and lactation diets on nutrient digestibility and sow and litter performance Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 501-510. Effect of an Escherichia coli derived, 6-phytase on nutrient digestibility and sow and litter performance were investigated. Six (exp. 1) or eight (exp. 2) sows per diet were randomly assigned to a positive control (PC), a negative control (NC) with reduced non-phytate phosphorus (P), NC + 500 FTU kg -1 , or NC + 1000 FTU kg -1 diet from day 60 of gestation to day 22 postpartum. Diets in exps. 1 and 2 were based on corn and wheat, respectively. Energy, N, calcium (Ca), and P digestibilities were determined between days 73 to 77 (Period 1), 104 to 106 (Period 2) of pregnancy, and days 16 to 20 postpartum. Sow and litter performance were monitored. During gestation, phytase at 500 FUT kg -1 did not affect nutrient digestibility in exp. 1 but improved (P < 0.05) DE and digestibilities of DM, energy, N, and P in exp. 2. Increasing phytase to 1000 FTU kg -1 reduced (P < 0.05) digestibilities of energy and N (exp. 1). In both experiments, digestibilities of N, Ca, and P were higher (P < 0.05) in period 2 than period 1. During lactation, supplementing the NC diet with 500 FTU kg -1 only improved (P < 0.05) DE and Ca and P digestibility in exp. 1 and DE and digestible P in exp. 2. Compared with NC, P digestibility and digestible P were higher (P < 0.05) in the NC + 1000 FTU kg -1 diet in both experiments. Sow and piglet performance was unaffected by diet in both experiments. In conclusion, P digestibility was greater between days 104 and 106 of gestation than between days 73 and 77 of gestation and phytase improved P digestibility during lactation but this effect was not consistent during gestation in both experiments.Key words: Digestibility, phytase, phosphorus, sows Nyachoti, C. M., Sands, J. S., Connor, M. L. et Adeola, O. 2006. Incidence de l'enrichissement des rations de gestation et de lactation à base de maïs ou de blé avec de la phytase sur la digestibilité des éléments nutritifs ainsi que sur la performance des truies et de leur portée. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 86: 501-510. Les auteurs se sont intéressés à l'incidence d'une 6-phytase issue de Escherichia coli sur la digestibilité des éléments nutritifs et sur la performance des truies et de leur portée. Six (première expéri-ence) ou huit (deuxième expérience) truies par ration ont été réparties au hasard entre une ration témoin positive (TP), une ration témoin négative (TN) à concentration réduite de phosphore sans phytate (P), la ration TN enrichie de 500 FTU par kg ou la ration TN enrichie de 1 000 FTU par kg, du 60 e jour de gestation au 22 e suivant la mise bas. Les rations de la première et de la deuxième expérience étaient respectivement à base de maïs et de blé. Les auteurs ont déterminé la digestibilité de l'énergie, du N, du calcium (Ca) et du P entre le 73 e et le 77 e jour de gestation (période 1), entre le 104 e et 106...

Supplementation of a wheat-based diet low in phosphorus with microbial 6-phytase expressed in Aspergillus oryzae increases digestibility and plasma phosphorus but not performance in lactating sows

“…Combined, novel and first generation phytase are effective to increase CATTD of P in lactation diets, supplemental phytase dose should be considered in relation to dietary content of intrinsic phytase and phytate, Benefits of phytase supplementation to increase utilization of nutrients other than P have not been demonstrated consistently. In the present study, phytase supplementation did not affect CATTD of GE, CP, and Ca, consistent with previous data (Nyachoti et al, 2006). The CATTD of ash and DM were increased on day 15 of lactation in the present study.…”

“…Supplementation of 500 FTU 6-phytase/kg to a lactation diet containing 420 g wheat/kg did not significantly increase CATTD of P (0.33 vs. 0.42) but increased digestible P content (1.92 vs. 2.43 g/kg), while supplementation of 1000 FTU/kg increased CATTD of P to 0.47 and digestible P content to 2.53 g/kg (Nyachoti et al, 2006). Nyachoti et al (2006) used 8 sows whereas 15 sows per treatment were used in the present study, indicating that a strong experimental design is essential to avoid type 2 errors. Combined, novel and first generation phytase are effective to increase CATTD of P in lactation diets, supplemental phytase dose should be considered in relation to dietary content of intrinsic phytase and phytate, Benefits of phytase supplementation to increase utilization of nutrients other than P have not been demonstrated consistently.…”

“…The increased CATTD of P during lactation by adding phytase was similar to the 0.14 and 0.11 increases accomplished by supplementing 500 FTU first generation phytase/kg (Baidoo et al, 2003) or novel phytase/kg , respectively, to a maize-soybean meal based lactating sow diet, and higher doses, i.e., 750, 1000, and 10,000 FTU first generation phytase/kg to a barley-soybean meal based diet (Jongbloed et al, 2004). Supplementation of 500 FTU 6-phytase/kg to a lactation diet containing 420 g wheat/kg did not significantly increase CATTD of P (0.33 vs. 0.42) but increased digestible P content (1.92 vs. 2.43 g/kg), while supplementation of 1000 FTU/kg increased CATTD of P to 0.47 and digestible P content to 2.53 g/kg (Nyachoti et al, 2006). Nyachoti et al (2006) used 8 sows whereas 15 sows per treatment were used in the present study, indicating that a strong experimental design is essential to avoid type 2 errors.…”

“…Similarly, phytase supplementation to lactation sow diets did not affect BW loss, feed intake, or litter growth (Kemme et al, 1997b;Baidoo et al, 2003;Jongbloed et al, 2004;Nyachoti et al, 2006). In these studies, number of sows per treatment might not have been sufficient to detect treatment differences.…”

“…The lack of difference for CATTD of P between sows fed NC and PC diets might be due to combined effects of reduced phytate and total P in NC vs. PC diets. Similarly, reducing dietary P from 6.0 to 4.8 g/kg did not alter CATTD of DE, Ca, P, DM, and CP in lactating sows fed diets (Nyachoti et al, 2006) based on wheat that was pelleted at 80 • C prior to diet mixing to inactivate endogenous phytase. Lactating sows fed NC did not mobilize sufficient bone P to maintain plasma P (Elizondo b On day 108 of gestation, gestating sows were transferred to farrowing pens and feces were collected to obtain baseline digestibility data for the gestation diet.…”