Effect of taurine on cholesterol metabolism in hamsters: Up-regulation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor by taurine

Murakami, Shigeru; Kondo, Yukiko; Toda, Yoshihisa; Kitajima, Hideaki; Kameo, Kazuya; Sakono, Masafumi; Fukuda, Nobuhiro

doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01507-2

Cited by 89 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the present study, there was no effect of taurine on the serum lipids, both when measured in the fasting state, during the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, or during the meal-test after intake of a high-fat breakfast. This is in contrast to the changes in LDL, HDL, total cholesterol and triglycerides after taurine supplementation, found by several investigators in animal studies (Cherif et al, 1998;Murakami et al, 1999Murakami et al, , 2000Murakami et al, , 2002. One potential reason why this effect was not observed in the present study could be that the bile salts in humans are reabsorbed more efficiently.…”

Section: Effect Of Taurine Treatment On Insulin Secretion and Action contrasting

confidence: 92%

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Effect of taurine treatment on insulin secretion and action, and on serum lipid levels in overweight men with a genetic predisposition for type II diabetes mellitus

et al. 2004

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Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing with an epidemic growth rate. Animal studies with taurine supplementation have shown increased insulin secretion and action, suggesting that taurine supplementation may have a potential to prevent T2DM. Objective: To assess the effect of taurine treatment on insulin secretion and action, and on plasma lipid levels in overweight men with a positive history of T2DM. Design: 20 nondiabetic subjects were included in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover study, receiving a daily supplementation of 1.5 g taurine or placebo for two periods of 8 weeks. The subjects were overweight first-degree relatives of T2DM patients. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was used to measure first-phase insulin secretory response, and a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp was used to determine peripheral insulin action. Results: Mean plasma taurine concentration was 3977 (s.d.) mmol/l after placebo and 131762 mmol/l after taurine intervention (Po0.0001). There was no significant difference after taurine intervention compared to placebo in incremental insulin response (Ins incr. ) neither during the IVGTT, nor in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal during the clamp. Insulin secretion, adjusted for insulin sensitivity, was also unchanged. There was no significant effect of taurine supplementation on blood lipid levels as well. Conclusion: Daily supplementation with 1.5 g taurine for 8 weeks had no effect on insulin secretion or sensitivity, or on blood lipid levels. These findings in persons with an increased risk of T2DM are in contrast to those from animal studies, and do not support the assumption that dietary supplementation with taurine can be used to prevent the development of T2DM.

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Section: Effect Of Taurine Treatment On Insulin Secretion and Action contrasting

confidence: 92%

“…In the study by Franconi et al (1995), the plasma taurine levels increased to slightly above the level of the control group, when a supplement of 1.5 g taurine per day for 90 days was given. Animal studies show that taurine also seems to have a lipid-lowering effect (Murakami et al, 1999(Murakami et al, , 2000(Murakami et al, , 2002.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of taurine treatment on insulin secretion and action, and on serum lipid levels in overweight men with a genetic predisposition for type II diabetes mellitus

et al. 2004

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“…Yokogoshi et al [38] thought that the result was mainly due to the enhancement of cholesterol degradation and excretion of bile acid by taurine. Consecutive studies done by Murakami et al [39,40] showed that taurine can increase conversion of cholesterol to bile acids via stimulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase activity and upregulate the LDL receptor and subsequent increase receptormediated LDL, which might be a key event in the cholesterollowering effects of taurine in animals fed a high-fat diet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Restorative Effect of Taurine on Experimental Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Chen

Shi

et al. 2006

Dig Dis Sci

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Our objective was to explore the restorative effect of taurine on experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, 12 in each group: the normal group was fed standard rat diet; the model group and the treatment group were both fed a high-fat rat diet for 12 weeks, and the rats in the treatment group were simultaneously injected with taurine subcutaneously for 8 weeks. Hepatic histological change was observed; TNF-alpha and TGF-beta(1) protein expression was identified by immunohistochemistry; mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta(1), type I procollagen, and adiponectin was measured by RT-PCR; body weight, weight gain, liver weight, and liver index were measured; and biochemical parameters monitored included serum transaminases, serum lipids, fasting plasma glucose, and hepatic level of oxidative stress. Rats in the model group showed a significant increase in liver weight, liver index, serum transaminase activities, serum triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose, and oxidative stress; the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta(1), and type I procollagen increased, whereas the expression of adiponectin decreased significantly, compared with that in the normal group. The typical hepatic lesions of NASH were observed histologically in the model group. Taurine treatment resulted in a significant decrease in liver weight, liver index, serum transaminase activities, serum triglyceride, fasting plasma glucose, and oxidative stress; the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta(1), and type I procollagen decreased, but the expression of adiponectin increased significantly, compared with that in the model group. Histological improvement was observed in the treatment group. In conclusion, taurine could inhibit lipid peroxidation, improve lipid and glucose metabolism, decrease synthesis of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta(1), promote synthesis of adiponectin, and have a restorative effect on experimental NASH.

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“…The rationale for this is that hamsters and humans have comparable blood cholesterol levels, hamsters use both taurine and glycine for bile acid conjugation and the lipoprotein profile in response to dietary cholesterol is comparable [101]. When Male Golden Syrian hamsters were fed a normal chow supplemented with 0.05% cholesterol or a 10% coconut oil, high-fat diet (0.05% cholesterol) for two weeks, taurine dissolved in drinking water (1% w/v) reduced serum total cholesterol in chow-(15% reduction) as well as high-fat diet-fed (42% reduction) hamsters [102]. A similar effect was observed for non-HDL (LDL+VLDL) cholesterol.…”

Section: Effects Of Taurine On Cholesterol Levels In Hamstersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Anticholesterolemic and Antiatherogenic Effects of Taurine Supplementation is Model Dependent

Eilertsen¹,

Larsen²,

Mæhre³

et al. 2012

Lipoproteins - Role in Health and Diseases

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Effect of taurine on cholesterol metabolism in hamsters: Up-regulation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor by taurine

Cited by 89 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of taurine treatment on insulin secretion and action, and on serum lipid levels in overweight men with a genetic predisposition for type II diabetes mellitus

Effect of taurine treatment on insulin secretion and action, and on serum lipid levels in overweight men with a genetic predisposition for type II diabetes mellitus

The Restorative Effect of Taurine on Experimental Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Anticholesterolemic and Antiatherogenic Effects of Taurine Supplementation is Model Dependent

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