Effect of the Carbon Support on the Catalytic Activity of Ruthenium‐Magnetite Catalysts for p‐Chloronitrobenzene Hydrogenation

Abstract

Few‐layer graphene, carbon nanotubes, and N‐doped carbon nanotubes have been used to support Ru and/or Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The materials were prepared by a new single‐step sustainable method that involves: 1) a simple procedure, 2) the use of propanol as a solvent, 3) short reaction times, 4) an efficient and energy‐saving heat source, and 5) the absence of any high‐boiling‐point stabilizing agent or organic surfactant. The supported nanoparticles were characterized by TEM, XRD, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, and SQUID magnetometer analyses and employed in the selective hydrogenation of p‐chloronitrobenzene to p‐chloroaniline with very promising results. The hydrogenation runs evidence the marked influence of the diverse carbon nanostructures on the reaction rate, and highlights the promising activity of nanocatalysts supported on few‐layer graphene.

Magnetically Retrievable Rh(0) Nanocomposite as Relevant Catalyst for Mild Hydrogenation of Functionalized Arenes in Water

“…Aniline was only produced when most of the 4-chloroaniline is formed. Similar work, very recently reported, showed that ruthenium–magnetite catalysts supported on carbon support leads to the formation of chloroaniline under stronger reaction conditions . As often reported in the literature, in the hydrogenation of 4-chloronitrobenzene, Pd nanoparticle-based catalysts almost lead to considerable amounts of dehalogenation product .…”

Magnetic carbon nanotube as a highly stable and retrievable support for the heterogenization of sulfonic acid and its application in the synthesis of 2‐(1H‐tetrazole‐5‐yl) acrylonitrile derivatives

“…Recently, MNPs have been widely used as alternative catalyst supports due to their unique properties such as simple synthesis, easy separation, high surface area, outstanding stability, convenient catalyst recycling using a simple outer magnet and prevent losing of catalyst during the separation process. Moreover, magnetic separation is a green procedure that allows time, energy, and solvents to be saved, which paves the way to the industrial application of these nanostructured catalysts …”

Fibroin‐functionalized magnetic carbon nanotube as a green support for anchoring silver nanoparticles as a biocatalyst for A3 coupling reaction

“…Magnetite Fe 3 O 4 NPs have received significant attention as prominent catalyst supports because of their interesting features such as chemical and thermal stability, large surface area, low cost, low toxicity, and easy separation from reaction medium with an external magnet. Moreover, magnetic separation is a green procedure that allows to save time, energy, and solvents and paves the way to the industrial application of these nanostructured catalysts . The combination of CNT–fibroin with magnetic NPs improves its properties and leads to easy catalyst separation without the need for high‐speed centrifugation, filtration, or other tedious work‐up processes.…”