Effect of the secondary substances from wheat on the growth and digestive physiology of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract

Abstract. Three secondary compounds, pyrocatechol, gramine and ferulic acid from wheat were separately incorporated into artificial diets and fed to cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) larvae to determine their effects on larval and pupal weights and the nutritional indices of the larvae. The results show that these three secondary compounds can decrease the mean larval and pupal weights of cotton bollworm, with the mean larvae weights differing significantly between treatments. Mean pupal weight was only significantly reduced by ferulic acid and gramine, but not pyrocatechol. There were significant correlations between mean larval weight and concentration of the three secondary compounds tested, and between mean pupal weight and concentration of ferulic acid and gramine. The three secondary compounds tested affected the nutritional indices of cotton bollworm larvae differently. Compared with the control, ferulic acid and gramine significantly decreased RGR (the relative growth rate), AD (approximate digestibility) and ECD (conversion efficiency) of cotton bollworm larvae, and pyrocatechol only reduced ECD. All three indices were the lowest for cotton bollworm larvae fed on the diet with gramine (0.0984 ± 0.0114 g/g/day, 14.2670 ± 1.1541% and 31.1337 ± 1.1213%).

Soybean Cultivars Affecting Performance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

“…Significant differences of ECD and ECI were observed in both young and old larvae reared on seeds of various soybean cultivars (Table 11). The lowest value of AD in old larvae was 48.1% higher than that reported by Wang et al (2006) on wheat based artificial diet. This could be in related to higher performance of soybean compared with wheat as an artificial diet.…”

NMR Metabolomics of Thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) Resistance in Senecio Hybrids

“…FQA is a precursor of lignin conferring rigidity to cell walls (Bennett and Wallsgrove 1994). As such, it is linked to the resistance against stem borers in maize (Santiago et al 2006;Mao et al 2007) and cotton (Wang et al 2006).…”

Detoxification of Gramine by the Cereal Aphid Sitobion avenae

“…Gramine has been considered as a deterrent and/or toxicant to many herbivorous insects such as Schizaphis graminum, Rhopalosiphum padi, S. avenae, and Locusta migratoria (Corcuera 1984;Zúñiga and Corcuera 1986;Leszczynski et al 1989;Kanehisa et al 1990;Rustamani et al 1992;Moharramipour et al 1997;Ishikawa and Kanke 2000;Wang et al 2006). This study Gramine concentration (mM)…”

“…Plant resistance is attributed largely to secondary metabolites such as phenolics, nonprotein amino acids, and alkaloids, which are documented to be deleterious to insect herbivores (Manuwoto and Scriber 1985;Ciepiela and Sempruch 1999;Wang et al 2006).…”