1968
DOI: 10.1121/1.1911266
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Effect of the Skull in Degrading the Display of Echoencephalographic B and C Scans

Abstract: The skull causes topographical mislocalization in range of images of the brain due to the increased velocity of sound through its varying thickness. It also causes mislocalization in azimuth by refraction. Similarly, mislocalization in azimuth may result from echoes off the central axis of the transducer but distant to sonolucent areas of the skull, being displayed as if they lay in the central axis. Resolving power is degraded in range by the display of ringing due to either increased amplitude from strong ec… Show more

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Cited by 62 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…Transcranial ultrasonic brain imaging of adults is also limited by the inhomogeneous aberrating effect of the skull bone. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The skull bone induces both phase and amplitude distortions. Such distortions can be potentially corrected by various methods, such as adaptive focusing, 10 time reversal, 11 dynamic focusing, 12 and spatiotemporal inverse filter ͑STIF͒.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Transcranial ultrasonic brain imaging of adults is also limited by the inhomogeneous aberrating effect of the skull bone. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The skull bone induces both phase and amplitude distortions. Such distortions can be potentially corrected by various methods, such as adaptive focusing, 10 time reversal, 11 dynamic focusing, 12 and spatiotemporal inverse filter ͑STIF͒.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Les images de température par IRM sont acquises par une séquence de fréquence de résonance des protons basée sur une approche classique d'écho de gradient [4]. …”
Section: Thérapie Ultrasonore Avec Monitoring Irmunclassified
“…En revanche, la longueur d'onde ultrasonore (∼1,5 mm à 1 MHz) étant petite devant l'épaisseur du crâne, les distorsions induites par le crâne sur le faisceau ultrasonore sont beaucoup plus importantes à 1 MHz et nécessitent donc une technique de correction d'aberrations extrêmement précise. En effet, en raison d'une très grande différence entre la vitesse du son dans le cerveau et dans l'os (respectivement 1500 m/s et 3000 m/s), de très fortes aberrations sont induites à la traversée de l'os et détruisent la focalisation du faisceau ultrasonore [4]. Des études récentes ont montré la possibilité de corriger ces aberrations en utilisant des techniques de focalisation adaptative basées sur le principe du retournement temporel des ondes [5], ou encore, de conjugaison de phase [1].…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
“…Indeed, a large discrepancy between the skull high acoustic velocity (about 3000m.s -1 ) and the brain tissues velocity (about 1540m.s -1 ) combined with a severe attenuation of ultrasound in the bone strongly degrade the beam shape [1].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%