Effect of UV Radiation on Optical Properties and Hardness of Transparent Wood

Wachter, Igor; Štefko, Tomáš; Rantuch, Peter; Martinka, Jozef; Pastierová, Alica

doi:10.3390/polym13132067

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Exposure to UV–C strongly affects the color and transmittance of transparent wood in a matter of days. Upon irradiation, TW acquires a yellow color, which darkens with increasing exposure time due to the reactivation of chromophores of residual lignin as well as the degradation of the impregnating polymer . To allow the application of transparent wood in buildings, e.g., as windows and roofs, it is of great importance to increase its resistance against environmental degradation (especially the UV light-induced one) and yellowing.…”

Section: Transparent Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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The building sector, including building operations and materials, was responsible for the emission of ∼11.9 gigatons of global energy-related CO2 in 2020, accounting for 37% of the total CO2 emissions, the largest share among different sectors. Lowering the carbon footprint of buildings requires the development of carbon-storage materials as well as novel designs that could enable multifunctional components to achieve widespread applications. Wood is one of the most abundant biomaterials on Earth and has been used for construction historically. Recent research breakthroughs on advanced engineered wood products epitomize this material’s tremendous yet largely untapped potential for addressing global sustainability challenges. In this review, we explore recent developments in chemically modified wood that will produce a new generation of engineered wood products for building applications. Traditionally, engineered wood products have primarily had a structural purpose, but this review broadens the classification to encompass more aspects of building performance. We begin by providing multiscale design principles of wood products from a computational point of view, followed by discussion of the chemical modifications and structural engineering methods used to modify wood in terms of its mechanical, thermal, optical, and energy-related performance. Additionally, we explore life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis tools for guiding future research toward environmentally friendly and economically feasible directions for engineered wood products. Finally, this review highlights the current challenges and perspectives on future directions in this research field. By leveraging these new wood-based technologies and analysis tools for the fabrication of carbon-storage materials, it is possible to design sustainable and carbon-negative buildings, which could have a significant impact on mitigating climate change.

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Section: Transparent Woodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

et al. 2022

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“…With good thermal stability, up to 315 °C, TWCs can be designed to filter out UV-B radiation and have potential applications in smart building technology, especially in smart windows [ 172 , 173 ]. However, even with the chromophoric lignin fraction partially removed, TWCs still undergo some photo-discolouration and degradation on extended exposure to solar UV radiation [ 174 , 175 ]. This technical drawback, however, can be addressed with existing UV stabiliser technologies.…”

Section: Natural and Synthetic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021

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Robson

Neale

et al. 2022

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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The Environmental Effects Assessment Panel of the Montreal Protocol under the United Nations Environment Programme evaluates effects on the environment and human health that arise from changes in the stratospheric ozone layer and concomitant variations in ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the Earth’s surface. The current update is based on scientific advances that have accumulated since our last assessment (Photochem and Photobiol Sci 20(1):1–67, 2021). We also discuss how climate change affects stratospheric ozone depletion and ultraviolet radiation, and how stratospheric ozone depletion affects climate change. The resulting interlinking effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change are assessed in terms of air quality, carbon sinks, ecosystems, human health, and natural and synthetic materials. We further highlight potential impacts on the biosphere from extreme climate events that are occurring with increasing frequency as a consequence of climate change. These and other interactive effects are examined with respect to the benefits that the Montreal Protocol and its Amendments are providing to life on Earth by controlling the production of various substances that contribute to both stratospheric ozone depletion and climate change.

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“…Cai et al (2021) found that the yellowness of TW increased after the addition of ethylene glycol to the epoxy-impregnated wood to produce flexible TW [ 15 ]. The study showed that Tilia americana was delignified and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) was impregnated and then irradiated with UV-C (250 nm), and within a few hours of irradiation, discoloration of residual lignin towards yellow was observed with reduced transmittance [ 16 ]. The other study used Pinus sylvestris and Prunus serotina for delignification and epoxy impregnation to produce TW, and the TW kept in an outdoor condition was found to have undergone a color change towards yellow [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Translucent Material Produced from Paulownia tomentosa Using Peracetic Acid Delignification and Resin Infiltration

et al. 2022

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Paulownia tomentosa, a tree species that allows for efficient production of translucent wood, was selected as an experimental wood species in this study, and a two-step process of delignification and polymer impregnation was performed. For delignification, 2–4 mm thick specimens were immersed in peracetic acid for 8 h. The delignified-wood specimens were impregnated using epoxy, a commercial transparent polymer. To identify the characteristics of the resulting translucent wood, the transmittance and haze of each type of wood section (cross- and tangential) were measured, while bending strength was measured using a universal testing machine. The translucent wood varied in properties according to the wood section, and the total transmittance and haze were 88.0% and 78.5% for the tangential section and 91.3% and 96.2% for the cross-section, respectively. For the bending strength, untreated wood showed values of approximately 4613.5 MPa modulus of elasticity (MOE), while the epoxy impregnation to improve the strength of the wood had increased the MOE up to approximately 6089.9 MPa, respectively. A comparative analysis was performed in this study with respect to the substitution of balsa, which is used widely in the production of translucent wood. The results are anticipated to serve as baseline data for the functionalization of translucent wood.

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Effect of UV Radiation on Optical Properties and Hardness of Transparent Wood

Cited by 25 publications

References 52 publications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Emerging Engineered Wood for Building Applications

Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2021

Characterization of a Translucent Material Produced from Paulownia tomentosa Using Peracetic Acid Delignification and Resin Infiltration

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