Effect of Ventilation System on Smoke and Fire Spread in a Public Transport Interchange

Chow, T. T.; Tsang, C.F.; Fong, K.F.; Chan, Alfred; Shum, Wai Sun

doi:10.1007/s10694-007-0037-1

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Some temperature trends are proposed in Figs. 13 (configuration C1) and 13 (configuration C2), where initial ambient temperature was conveniently subtracted and time-coordinate origin was set at the first nozzle activation for each test. Initial ambient temperature ranged from 7 to 14 °C over the whole test series.…”

Section: Temperature and Radiant Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interaction between the fire ceiling jet and the fan-driven flow was modeled to yield some criteria on size and displacement of the openings. Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) code was used by Zhang et al [12] and Lin et al [13] to investigate the effect of ventilation conditions on fire spread and smoke motion in large and complex car parks. They remark that ventilation tends to somewhat increase fire intensity, even though the limitations of CFD modeling of fire development as airflow is imposed still appear to be quantitatively addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Full-Scale Experiments of Fire Control and Suppression in Enclosed Car Parks: A Comparison Between Sprinkler and Water-Mist Systems

2016

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Recent efforts to investigate car-park fires and understand the related mechanisms have fostered the need for analyses of suppression performance against this type of fire scenario. This work aims at providing an insight into the ability of sprinklers and water-mist systems to control and extinguish a fire within an enclosed car park through a series of real-scale experiments. Three cars were employed in each test: the central one was ignited by a heptane pool fire and the adjacent ones served as targets. Two configurations were explored: in the first one, a nozzle was placed directly at the vertical axis of the ignition source, whereas the ignition source was located between the area coverage of four nozzles in the second one. The sprinkler system mainly served as a reference; two values of discharge density were evaluated for water mist at high operative pressure and a biodegradable surfactant was also tested against the most challenging configuration. A quantitative analysis of free-burn and discharge phases by temperature measurements was coupled with radiant heat-flux measurements and an assessment of post-fire damage. Sprinkler and water-mist systems were capable of containing the fire spread and thermally controlling the fire, thus preventing structural damage. The water mist’s ability to overpower the plume and reach the burning surfaces proved more effective than that of sprinklers, especially as no nozzles were located right above the ignition surface. The higher discharge density showed better capability of preventing re-ignition phenomena and suppression was attained in both the investigated configurations, which suggests that a certain amount of flux is also needed to achieve flame cooling. The additive had promising impact on suppression performance; however, more tests are required to specifically explore its ability to enhance thermal control

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Section: Temperature and Radiant Heat Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%