“…Another common chemical method, referred to as electrochemical exfoliation, is considered as a potentially feasible, effective, and convenient strategy to exfoliate graphite due to its simple operation, scale-up production, scalability, and product controllability. , During the exfoliation process, anodic oxidation or cathodic reduction with a highly positive/negative charge is performed on the graphite electrode, which essentially leads the migration of various intercalants into the space between layers, inducing structural expansion and subsequent dissociation. , Electrochemical exfoliation in an aqueous solution has been investigated extensively. The frequently used electrolyte is mineral acids, such as H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , HNO 3 , and HBF 4 , and inorganic salts, such as (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 , and K 2 SO 4 . − Recent works also apply surfactants (e.g., sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide) as electrolytes or additives to exfoliate graphite as well as stabilize the products. ,, However, the conventionally exfoliated graphene products always feature large defects due to the inevitable overoxidation of graphite. For the anodic exfoliation, the continuous oxidation will lead to the degraded electrochemical intercalation and exfoliation .…”