Effect of voluntary exercise on physiological function and feeding behavior of mice on a 20% casein diet or a 10% casein diet.

Yashiro, Masanori; Kimura, Shuichi

doi:10.3177/jnsv.25.23

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Food composition, temperature, and housing conditions can affect behavioral responses of mice. It has been suggested that both food composition (44) and volume (35) may affect physiological parameters that could directly impact daily activity in mice. However, we controlled for this possible extraneous variable by providing the same diet to all mice ad libitum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic influence on daily wheel running activity level

Lightfoot

Turner

Daves

et al. 2004

Physiological Genomics

213

202

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.-This project was designed to determine the genetic (betweenstrain) and environmental (within-strain) variance in daily running wheel activity level in inbred mice. Five male and five female mice, 9.7-15.3 wk old, from each of 13 strains (A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57Bl/6J, C57L/J, C3Heb/FeJ, CBA/J, DBA/2J, SWR/J, MRL/MpJ, SPRET/Ei, and CAST/Ei) as well as five female NZB/ BinJ mice were housed individually. A running wheel in each cage was interfaced with a magnetic sensor to measure total daily distance and exercise time for each animal every 24 h for 21 consecutive days (3 wk). Average daily distance (km), duration (min), and velocity (m/min) for each strain was then calculated. Significant interstrain differences in average daily distance (P Ͻ 0.001), average daily exercise duration (P Ͻ 0.0001), and average daily exercise velocity (P Ͻ 0.0001) were found, with C57L/J mice running farther and faster than the other strains. Sex was a significant factor in daily running wheel activity, with female mice running an average of 20% farther (P ϭ 0.01) and 38% faster (P Ͻ 0.0001) than male mice. The male mice ran 15% longer duration on a daily basis (P ϭ 0.0091). Weight was only associated with exercise velocity in the female mice, but this relationship was not significant when subdivided by strain. Broadsense heritability estimates on the physical activity differed by sex (for distance, male 31-48% and female 12-22%; for duration, male 44-61% and female 12-21%; for velocity, male 49-66% and female 44-61%). In conclusion, these data indicate that daily running wheel activity level in mice is significantly affected by genetic background and sex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic influence on daily wheel running activity level

Lightfoot

Turner

Daves

et al. 2004

Physiological Genomics

213

202

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“…In our previous investigation (1), it was shown that, when mice were permitted to exercise voluntarily, both animals fed a low protein-diet and a normal protein diet showed similar results in the growth and the development of organs, and that the amount of voluntary exercise was greater in the low-protein diet group than in the normal protein diet group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of the combination of voluntary exercise and dietary protein levels on the deposition of glycogen, liver and serum lipids in mice.

Yashiro

Kimura

1979

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryThe effects of voluntary exercise on the growth, glycogen of muscle and lipid contents of the liver and serum of mice fed different levels of dietary protein were investigated. In both the exercise and non-exercise groups, body weight gains were significantly greater in the 20% and 30% protein diet groups than in the 6% and 4% protein diet groups. After 6 weeks of age, it was shown that the amount of voluntary exercise by the 6% and 4% protein diet groups was greater than that by the 20% and 30% protein diet groups. As for hematological status, the raising of hemoglobin levels due to increasing dietary protein levels was further exaggerated by voluntary exercise. Hematocrit values rose with the increase in dietary protein levels. However the effect of exercise on hematocrit values was not clear. Liver glycogen levels, which were elevated with the increase in dietary protein levels, rose further due to exercise, though no changes were observed in muscle glycogen due to dietary protein levels and exercise. The lipid contents of the liver in all groups tended to be lower in exercise groups compared with non-exercise groups and it was observed that the high levels of dietary protein depressed the increase in liver lipids. Liver triglyceride levels of all groups fed the dietary protein levels except for the 20% casein diet group decreased due to voluntary exercise, and liver triglyceride levels were also lowered as dietary protein levels increased. The levels of serum triglyceride of all groups decreased due to voluntary exercise. This phenomenon was most remarkable in rats fed a 6% casein diet. The tendency for serum cholesterol levels to decrease due to increasing dietary levels of protein was further intensified by voluntary exercise. However it was not further influenced by voluntary exercise in the 4% casein diet group.

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“…The other most common measurement of exercise behavior in rodents involves the determination of daily voluntary activity levels using wheel running [16, 19, 23, 27, 35, 38, 43]. Much like exercise endurance, day-to-day wheel running within strains of rodents has been assumed to be repeatable; however, little data is published regarding this assumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of exercise behaviors in mice

Knab

Bowen

Moore-Harrison

et al. 2009

Physiology & Behavior

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Purpose-Measurements of exercise behaviors in rodents such as maximal treadmill endurance and physical activity are often used in the literature; however, minimal data are available regarding the repeatability of measurements used for these exercise behaviors. This study assessed the repeatability of a commonly used maximal exercise endurance treadmill test as well as voluntary physical activity measured by wheel running in mice.Methods-Repeatability of treadmill tests were analyzed for both inbred and outbred mice in addition to a 10 week repeatability analysis using Balb/cJ mice (n=20). Voluntary daily physical activity was assessed by distance, duration, and speed of wheel running (WR). Physical activity measurements on days 5 and 6 of WR in a large cohort (n=739) of both inbred and outbred mice were compared.Results-No significant differences (p>0.05) in exercise endurance were found between different cohorts of Balb/cJ and DBA/2J mice indicating strains overall generally test the same; however, significant differences between tests were seen within BaD2F 2 animals (p<0.001). Bland-Altman analysis revealed lack of agreement between weekly endurance tests within mouse, and correlation analysis showed lack of consistent correlations between weekly endurance tests within mouse. No significant differences were found for WR measurements within mouse between days (p=0.99). High correlations between days within mouse for WR were found (r=0.74-0.85).Conclusions-High intra-mouse variability between repeated endurance tests suggests that treadmill testing in an enclosed chamber with shock grid for motivation to run in mice is not repeatable. Conversely, high correlation and agreement between days of wheel running measurements suggest that voluntary activity (WR) is repeatable and stable within individual mice.

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Effect of voluntary exercise on physiological function and feeding behavior of mice on a 20% casein diet or a 10% casein diet.

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Genetic influence on daily wheel running activity level

Genetic influence on daily wheel running activity level

Effect of the combination of voluntary exercise and dietary protein levels on the deposition of glycogen, liver and serum lipids in mice.

Repeatability of exercise behaviors in mice

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