Effective Surface Charge Density Determines the Electrostatic Attraction between Nanoparticles and Cells

Abstract

ABSTRACT:We examine the origin of the electrostatic attraction between nanoparticle (NP) and cells by synthesizing a NP array with a continuous change in surface charge density (SCD). This attraction does not show a linear and continuous change, but a sharp increase as the positive SCD increases. The results of zeta potential measurements of the naked and protein bound NPs reveal that excessive charges on surface ligands are partially shielded, and the noncovalent protein bindings do not influence NP−cell electrostatic interactions. The effective SCD on the outmost layer of NPs determined the electrostatic attraction between NPs and cells

Charge, Size, and Cellular Selectivity for Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes by Maize and Soybean

“…22,33 Bannunah et al found that both positively and negatively charged blue aminated latex nanoparticles (50 nm) and orange 32 The cellular internalization of positively charged nanoparticles in Caco-2 cell monolayers was significantly higher than that of negatively charged nanoparticles, 32 which was also true for many other cells. 34 However, negatively charged nanoparticles taken up into plant tissues were more efficiently transported across cell monolayers than positively charged nanoparticles. 32 In addition, the uptake of positively charged quantum dots (QDs) was 10 times faster than that of negatively charged QDs in poplar plants after 11 days of incubation due to their electrostatic attraction with the negatively charged root cell wall and cell membrane.…”

Surface Modifications of Nanodiamonds and Current Issues for Their Biomedical Applications

“…Moreover, it greatly influences the interaction with cell membrane and the internalization pathways of NDs into cells [166]. The control of surface terminations allows a tuning of NDs surface charge in suspension from negative to positive versus pH.…”

“…The control of ND surface charge is essential for drug or biological moieties adsorption [27,29,31] it can also play a major role in internalization pathways and interactions with negatively charged cell membrane [166]. In this part, the surface reactivity of modified NDs will be discussed.…”

Effects of surface charges of gold nanoclusters on long-term in vivo biodistribution, toxicity, and cancer radiation therapy

“…35 Positively charged NPs bind strongly to serum components in the blood via noncovalent interactions with proteins and electrostatic interactions with the cell surface. [36][37][38] Furthermore, these positively charged NPs can be easily taken up by nonphagocytic cells and cause more disruption of the membrane integrity and lysosomal and mitochondrial damage than their negatively charged counterparts. [39][40][41][42] Positively charged Au NPs, therefore, display high uptake in the liver.…”