Effects and distribution of the enamel matrix derivative Emdogain^® in the periodontal tissues of rat molars transplanted to the abdominal wall

Abstract

The enamel matrix derivative Emdogain (EMD) has been found to promote regeneration of lost periodontal tissues. We have studied the effects and distribution of EMD in the periodontal tissues of maxillary rat molars transplanted to a subcutaneous position in the abdominal wall. The molars were transplanted with or without EMD either immediately after extraction or after drying for 30 min. After 2 days, 1, 2 or 4 weeks the rats were killed and the teeth were examined by means of light microscopy and immunohistochemistry with anti-amelogenin antibodies. Teeth transplanted immediately after extraction showed formation of alveolar bone separated from the dental roots by a periodontal space, regardless of the use of EMD. Among the teeth that were transplanted with EMD after drying for 30 min, new alveolar bone was formed in five out of eight teeth after 2 and 4 weeks. None of the teeth that were dried for 30 min and transplanted without EMD showed alveolar bone formation. Only one tooth transplanted with EMD showed root resorption after drying, while resorption was noted in all teeth transplanted without EMD. All teeth that were transplanted with EMD and none of the teeth that were transplanted without EMD showed an immunohistochemical reaction for amelogenin. After 2 days, amelogenin was precipitated on all surfaces exposed at the transplantation procedure. Later, the immunoreactive material was redistributed to cells at the root surface, where it was still demonstrable after 4 weeks. In conclusion, EMD is accumulated in cells at the root surface and promotes regeneration of the periodontal tissues of the transplanted teeth. It also seems to promote healing of root resorption.

Effect of enamel matrix proteins on the treatment of intrabony defects: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial study

“…Histological studies in animals have shown that a new layer of cementum with inserting fibers and new alveolar bone were formed when EMP was applied to a debrided and conditioned root surface. 5,15 These positive results in animals 17 were later confirmed by histological findings in humans 15 and by clinical improvement observed in controlled clinical trials. 3,7,8,10,13,19 Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the results of periodontal clinical parameters after treatment of intrabony defects with open flap debridement (OFP) combined or not with enamel matrix protein (EMP).…”

The Use of Enamel Matrix Derivative in the Treatment of Periodontal Defects: a Literature Review and Meta-analysis

“…This observation could not be demonstrated for the control teeth that were sham-operated without application of EMD (Gestrelius et al, 1997a). Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that EMD was still present for 4 wks after its application on extracted rat molars that were transplanted to the abdominal wall (Hamamoto et al, 2002). In humans, it was…”

Thy-1-positive cells in the subodontoblastic layer possess high potential to differentiate into hard tissue-forming cells

“…The pulp tissue plays an important role in the formation of reparative dentin or dentin bridge after caries attack, cavity preparation, laser irradiation or direct pulp capping in dental practice (Tate et al 2006;Yoshiba et al 1996Yoshiba et al , 2003. In experimental rat models, pulp calcification is observed after pulp exposure (Tsuji et al 1987) and after tooth (Hamamoto et al 2002;Hosoya et al 2003) or pulp (Yamazoe et al 2002) transplantation into subcutaneous tissue. Additionally, we previously reported that these calcifications are directly induced by the pulp cells themselves (Hosoya et al , 2008Zhao et al 2007).…”