Effects and underlying mechanisms of food polyphenols in treating gouty arthritis: A review on nutritional intake and joint health

Abstract

Gouty arthritis, one of the most severe and common forms of arthritis, is characterized by monosodium urate crystal deposition in joints and surrounding tissues. Epidemiological evidence indicates that gouty arthritis incidence is sharply rising globally. Polyphenols are found in many foods and are secondary metabolites in plant foods. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of food polyphenols have been extensively studied in many inflammatory chronic diseases. Research has suggested that many food polyphenols have excellent anti-gouty arthritis effects. The mechanisms mainly include (a) inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity; (b) reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; (c) inhibiting the activation of signaling pathways and the NLRP3 inflammasome; and (d) reducing oxidative stress. This paper reviews the research progress and pathogenesis of gouty arthritis and introduces the mechanisms of food polyphenols in treating gouty arthritis, which aims to explore the potential of functional foods in the treatment of gouty arthritis. Practical applicationsThe incidence rate of gouty arthritis has increased sharply worldwide, which has seriously affected people's quality of life. According to the current research progress, food polyphenols alleviate gouty arthritis through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This paper reviews the research progress and molecular pathogenesis of gouty arthritis and introduces the mechanisms of food-derived polyphenols in the treatment of gouty arthritis, which is helpful to the prevention and treatment of gouty arthritis.

Global Trends in Research of Gouty Arthritis Over Past Decade: A Bibliometric Analysis

“…GA affects around 2.1 million Americans, according to statistics from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Epidemiological evidence also indicates that the incidence of GA is rising dramatically worldwide (4). As a result, a quantitative analysis of the current situation, focus fields, and prospects for GA is critical.…”

<i>Cinnamomi cortex</i> extract mitigated monosodium urate-induced acute gouty arthritis in rats through nuclear factor-κB-NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 signaling pathway

“…3B ). Previous reports show that food polyphenols improve GA by inhibiting NLRP3 [ 30 ], an upstream regulator of Caspase-1. Some food flavonoids downregulate TLR/NF-κB pathway in arthritis rats [ 22 ].…”

“…3B). Previous reports show that food polyphenols improve GA by inhibiting NLRP3 [30], an upstream regulator of Caspase-1.…”

Ethanol Extracts from Torreya grandis Seed Have Potential to Reduce Hyperuricemia in Mouse Models by Influencing Purine Metabolism

“…Several studies have highlighted the significance of xanthine oxidase in the treatment of gout [ 30 , 43 ]. Compounds derived from plants, such as anthocyanins, curcumin, flavonoids, and ellagic acid, have been shown to inhibit liver xanthine oxidase activity and reduce blood UA levels in hyperuricemia mice [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. The major flavonoids found in Torreya grandis , including 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 4-methoxypyrocatechol, coniferylaldehyde, 4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde, β-sitosterol, and daucosterol, are known for their antioxidant properties and ability to inhibit enzyme activity and scavenge free radicals [ 28 ].…”