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Gouty arthritis (GA), as a multifactorial disease, is characterised by intense pain, active inflammation symptoms, and swollen joints. It has utterly complex pathogenesis, of which the amount of research publications on GA has increased during the last few decades. A bibliometric analysis was carried out to investigate the trends, frontiers, and hot spots in global scientific output in GA research over the last decade. We retrieved the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) of the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for publications and recorded information published from 2012 to 2021. we carried out the bibliometric analysis and visualisation analysis of the overall distribution of annual outputs, leading countries, active institutions, journals, authors, co-cited references, and keywords with the VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The impact and quality of papers were assessed using a global citation score (GCS). We retrieved 2052 articles and reviews in total. The annual number of publications (Np) related to GA research has increased during the latest decade. China published the most papers, and the USA achieved the highest H-index and number of citations (Nc). The League of European Research Universities (LERU) and Clinical Rheumatology (Clin Rheumatol) are the most productive institutions and periodicals. The total GCS of the paper written by Kottgen, A. in 2013 was 479, ranking the first. The most common keywords were “Gout,” “hyperuricemia,” and “gouty arthritis.” This research revealed that though there was a slight fluctuation in publications related to GA, the Np raised on the whole. China was an enormous creator, and the USA was an influential nation in this domain. The top three contributor authors were Dalbeth, N., Singh, JA., and Choi, HK. There were few investigations on the treatment of GA by Chinese medicine monomer, and the “mechanism,” “pathway”, “nf- kappa-b”, “injury”, “receptor”, and “animal model” were growing research hotspots. Our research illustrated the hotspots of research and development trends in the research field of GA during the last decade. Recognition of the most critical indicators (researchers, countries, institutes, and journals for the release of GA research), hotspots in the research field of GA can be helpful for countries, scholars, and policymakers in this field to understand GA better make decisions.

Phototherapy exhibits significant potential as a novel tumor treatment method, and the development of highly active photosensitizers and photothermal agents has drawn considerable attention. In this work, S and N atom co-doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) with an absorption redshift effect were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis with lysine, o-phenylenediamine, and sulfuric acid as raw materials. The near-infrared (NIR) absorption features of the S,N-CDs resulted in two-photon (TP) emission, which has been used in TP fluorescence imaging of lysosomes and tumor tissue pH and real-time monitoring of apoptosis during tumor phototherapy, respectively. The obtained heteroatom co-doped CDs can be used not only as an NIR imaging probe but also as an effective photodynamic therapy/photothermal therapy (PDT/PTT) therapeutic agent. The efficiencies of different heteroatom-doped CDs in tumor treatment were compared. It was found that the S,N-CDs showed higher therapeutic efficiency than N-doped CDs, the efficiency of producing 1O2 was 27%, and the photothermal conversion efficiency reached 34.4%. The study provides new insight into the synthesis of carbon-based nanodrugs for synergistic phototherapy and accurate diagnosis of tumors.

Seven Zn(II) coordination polymers including [Zn(pbda)-(p-bimb)]•H 2 O (1), [Zn(pbda)(bpa) 0.5 ] (2), [Zn(pbda)(bpp)] (3), [Zn(Hpbda) 2 (bibm) 2 ] (4), [Zn(pbta) were prepared under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized. Compound 1 shows a three-dimensional (3D) channel-like architecture constructed by helical chain subunits. Compound 2 shows a rare 2D + 2D + 2D → 2D network with both polyrotaxane and polycatenane features. 3 holds a 2D layer structure constituted of metalsharing right-and left-handed helical chains. Compound 4 presents a onedimensional (1D) chain which is decorated by long side arms around the chain. Compound 5 possesses a 2D wave-like layer formed by [Zn 2 (mbimb)] n chains by linear pbta ligands. Compound 6 displays a 3D framework that is stabilized by hydrogen bonding interactions between the coordinated H 2 O molecules and the neighboring carboxylate oxygen atoms. Compound 7 possesses a 1D + 1D → 2D polycatenation motif. The results demonstrated that the rigidity versus flexibility of the ligands along with the number of carboxyl groups make an impact on the structural diversities of the entangled coordination polymers. Moreover, compounds 3 and 6 as representative examples possessed high catalytic efficiency for the photodecomposition of methyl blue in water using natural sunlight irradiation.