Effects of a multispecies synbiotic on intestinal mucosa immune responses

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Probiotics and prebiotics are known to regulate immune responses. A synbiotic is a product that combines probiotics and prebiotics in a single dosage form. In this study, we attempt to present the effects of a multispecies synbiotic on intestinal mucosa immune responses after exposure to Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: Totally 21 male Balb/c mice were randomly classified into two groups. The K-I group received LPS and a synbiotic, and the K-II group received LPS alone. The synbiotic was administered for 21 consecutive days, whereas LPS was administered once on the 15 th day. Specifically, a synbiotic containing 1 × 10 9 colony forming units (CFUs) of the probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN 35, L. casei subsp. casei PXN 37, L. rhamnosus PXN 54, L. bulgaricus PXN 39, Bifidobacterium breve PXN 25, B. infantis PXN 27 and Streptococcus thermophilus PXN 66 and the prebiotic fructo-oligosaccharide was administered through an orogastric tube. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels for humoral immune responses and CD4+ and CD8+ levels for cellular immune responses. Results: An independent-samples t-test revealed significant increases of the numbers of IgA-(p = 0.027) and CD4-expressing cells (p = 0.009) but not the number of CD8-expressing cells in the K-I group compared with those in the K-II group. Conclusion: The multispecies synbiotic had immunoregulatory effects on IgA and CD4 expression in LPS-exposed mice.

Biotics: An emerging food supplement for health improvement in the era of immune modulation

“…In a recent randomized control study in rats exposed to E coli O55:lipopolysaccharide, multistrain synbiotic products ( L acidophilus , L casei sp casei , L actobacillus rhamnosus , L bulgaricus , B breve , B infantis , and S treptococcus thermophilus ) in combination with fructooligosaccharides could significantly elevate the levels of IgA, CD4 cells, and CD8 cells 98 . Synbiotics have also been reported to help in maintaining the colonic barrier as well as reducing the chances of bacterial translocation, although no significant difference was observed between the groups, irrespective of treatment with probiotics and prebiotics 99 .…”

An Updated Overview on Nanonutraceuticals: Focus on Nanoprebiotics and Nanoprobiotics

“…The synbiotic agents are a combination of prebiotics and probiotics with beneficial effects on host through the enhancement of activity and survival of beneficial microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, so that they can selectively provoke the growth and stimulate the metabolism of one or more health-promoting bacteria, thereby enhancing the host welfare [88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97]. The most The reported key mechanisms of action of probiotics [87] have been mentioned as follows (see Figure 2): enhancement of epithelial barrier, modulation of insulin-sensitive tissues, synthesis of antimicrobial substances, multi-pathogen competition, and induction of mucin secretion.…”