Effects of aquifer heterogeneity and reaction mechanism uncertainty on a reactive barrier

Analytical expressions for the hydraulic design of continuous permeable reactive barriers

“…Conventionally, two PRB configurations are considered: the continuous barrier and the funnel and gate system. Whereas the hydraulics of funnel-and-gate systems have undergone a degree of scrutiny [18,16,17,3,4], the hydraulic behavior of the simpler continuous barrier system has not been extensively analyzed, although some research has addressed the influence of subsurface heterogeneity in such systems [8,3,4]. A general analytic framework for analysis of either configuration is desirable, as it allows for rapid preliminary testing and sensitivity analysis.…”

Zero-Valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barriers: A Review of Performance

“…Instead, pumping tests are used to obtain average values of hydraulic conductivity, and seasonal data are not obtained prior to installation. As noted by Eykholt et al (1999), "Natural aquifers are rarely homogenous, yet this assumption is often made to simplify design and because data needed to characterize homogeneity are unavailable." In other words, the pre-construction investigations are not sufficiently detailed at some sites.…”

“…An effective means of ensuring realistic expectations may be to engage outside experts as reviewers at critical stages of the project. Similarly, risk-based designs (Eykholt 1999) should be used to ensure that stakeholders have realistic expectations.…”

Removal of mixed contaminants by Fe0-based biobarrier in flow-through columns using recycled waste materials

“…Recently, many researchers have introduced permeable reactive barrier (PRB) systems as an alternative method to remove pollutants from leachate. [2][3][4][5][6] Zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been successfully used as a reactive material in PRBs for the removal of several contaminants such as chlorinated organic compounds, radioactive substances, and heavy metals from contaminated groundwater. [7][8][9][10][11] The formation and coprecipitation of mixed Fe(II) and Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides on the surface of the ZVI can enhance the adsorption/degradation of several pollutants.…”