Effects of ball milling on the physicochemical and sorptive properties of biochar: Experimental observations and governing mechanisms

Lyu, Honghong; Gao, Bin; He, Feng; Zimmerman, Andrew R.; Ding, Cheng; Huang, Hongjuan; Tang, Jingchun

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.037

Cited by 397 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In addition, two peaks observed at 1089 and 1429 cm −1 can be ascribed to C−O and phenolic O−H, respectively. 20,34 Appearance of the peaks at about 871 and 754 cm −1 is primarily characteristic of aromatic C−H bending, whereas the asymmetrical stretching vibration of C−H bonds from C−H and CC groups appeared at 2371 and 2329 cm −1 , respectively. 35 After CuO modification, the 10%-CuO/BC sample showed a sharp vibration peak of the Cu(II)−O bond at 485 cm −1 , indicating that the CuO nanoparticles was introduced into the BC with the aid of oxygen functionalities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Ball-Milling Synthesis of CuO/Biochar Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Reactive Red 120

et al. 2020

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With the goal of improving the removal of anionic contaminants, copper oxide (CuO)-modified biochar (BC) nanocomposites were successfully prepared through simply ball milling CuO particles with BC. The physicochemical properties of the fabricated CuO/BC nanocomposites were systematically characterized by a series of techniques; their adsorption performances were assessed, and the main adsorption mechanism was revealed. X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses of the nanocomposites showed the strong interaction between CuO and BC and confirmed the success of the ball-milling syntheses. Because of strong electrostatic attraction between the embedded CuO nanoparticles and reactive red (RR120), the composited adsorbents exhibited excellent RR120 removal. The 10%-CuO/BC nanocomposite achieved the best RR120 removal efficiency (46%), which is much higher than that of pristine BC (20%). In addition, the adsorption was insensitive to the change of solution initial pH (4−10). The 10%-CuO/BC also showed fast adsorption kinetics (equilibrium time < 3 h) and extremely high adsorption capacity (Langmuir maximum capacity of 1399 mg g −1 ) to RR120 in aqueous solutions. Findings from this study demonstrate not only the strong feasibility of ball-milling synthesis of BC-based nanocomposites but also the promising potential of the CuO/BC nanocomposites to remove aqueous anionic contaminants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Ball-Milling Synthesis of CuO/Biochar Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Reactive Red 120

et al. 2020

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“…For any given ball mill, the fineness of ball-milled biochar increases as the rotating speed of the shell increases until an intrinsic limit is reached. In a recent study, the ball-milled biochar produced from sugarcane bagasse, bamboo, and hickory wood chips exhibited remarkably higher specific surface area and total pore volume compared to the pristine biochar [65]. For example, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda pore volume of the pristine biochar derived from bamboo at 450°C were 4.7 m 2 /g and 0.003 cm 3 /g, which drastically increased to 299 m 2 /g and 0.083 cm 3 /g, respectively [65].…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, the ball-milled biochar produced from sugarcane bagasse, bamboo, and hickory wood chips exhibited remarkably higher specific surface area and total pore volume compared to the pristine biochar [65]. For example, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda pore volume of the pristine biochar derived from bamboo at 450°C were 4.7 m 2 /g and 0.003 cm 3 /g, which drastically increased to 299 m 2 /g and 0.083 cm 3 /g, respectively [65]. The same study also revealed that, in addition to the increased external and internal surface areas, ball milling of biochar also increased the number of acidic surface functional groups that are favorable to electrostatic interaction and surface complexation with environmental contaminants (e.g., heavy metals) [65].…”

Section: Physical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Chan

Sharbatmaleki

et al. 2020

Water

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Biochar’s potential to remove various contaminants from aqueous solutions has been widely discussed. The rapid development of engineered biochar produced using different feedstock materials via various methods for wastewater treatment in recent years urges an up-to-date review on this topic. This article centers on summarizing state-of-the-art methods for engineered biochar production and discussing the multidimensional benefits of applying biochar for water reuse and soil amendment in a closed-loop agriculture system. Based on numerous recent articles (<5 years) published in journals indexed in the Web of Science, engineered biochar’s production methods, modification techniques, physicochemical properties, and performance in removing inorganic, organic, and emerging contaminants from wastewater are reviewed in this study. It is concluded that biochar-based technologies have great potential to be used for treating both point-source and diffuse-source wastewater in agricultural systems, thus decreasing water demand while improving crop yields. As biochar can be produced using crop residues and other biomass wastes, its on-farm production and subsequent applications in a closed-loop agriculture system will not only eliminate expensive transportation costs, but also create a circular flow of materials and energy that promotes additional environmental and economic benefits.

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“…Compared with the above-mentioned physical treatment of biochars, ball milling is a relatively new nonequilibrium processing method to produce EngBCs, which mechanically reduces the grain size of biochars to ultrafine (nano-size) particles (Mahbub et al 2014). Lyu et al (2018) demonstrated that this technology could increase the amount of oxygen functional on the biochars surface, as well as the internal and external surface area. Their results showed an enhanced Ni 2+ removal efficiency (230-650 mmol/kg) than untreated biochars (26-110 mmol/kg).…”

Section: Physical Modificationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Available modification methods have been discussed in several review papers (Liu et al 2012;Rajapaksha et al 2016;Wang et al 2018a;Xiong et al 2017). The modification methods can be divided into four categories including chemical modifications (acid, alkali and oxidizer) (Boguta et al 2019;Huff and Lee 2016), physical modifications (steam/gas, ball milling, and microwave) (Lyu et al 2018;Morgan et al 2017; 1 2015), impregnation with metal (magnetic amendment and nanoparticle modification) (Harikishore Kumar Reddy and Lee 2014; Tan et al 2016) or organic sorbents (coating) (Zhou et al 2013), and biological modifications (Frankel et al 2016;Yao et al 2011). The main purpose of these modification methods is to increase the adsorption selectivity or adsorption capacity by increasing the pore volume, surface area, and surface functional group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental behavior of engineered biochars and their aging processes in soil

Duan

Oleszczuk

Pan

et al. 2019

Biochar

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In recent years, due to the broad application of biochars, the preparation, environmental behavior and aging processes of biochars have attracted wide attention globally, especially the modification of biochars. However, most of the studies only consider the improvement of biochar properties right after the modification, but neglect a complete evaluation of the longterm stability and eco-toxicity of these newly developed materials after entering the environment. With the development and utilization of biochars, engineered biochars (EngBCs) will soon enter the market, but its environmental risk still remains unclear. The literature does not provide adequate information on how aging of EngBCs will affect their properties, and indirectly impact the properties of soils (cycle of elements and organic matter). Therefore, this review paper summarizes the aging process and environmental risk of biochars, aiming at better understanding the interactions between EngBCs and soil components or pollutants. More importantly, this review is to point out the contradictory speculations of environmental behavior of EngBCs studied at the present stage. Due to the modification, the EngBCs stability may be significantly reduced. However, the formation of functional group on EngBCs will enhance their interaction with soil minerals to form biocharsmineral complex, and thus EngBCs could be protected. The impacts of EngBCs after entering the environment are also ambiguous. Therefore, understanding EngBCs environmental behavior is critical, which is helpful to reduce the potential risk and to produce EngBCs following the rule of sustainable development and safety to the environment.

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Effects of ball milling on the physicochemical and sorptive properties of biochar: Experimental observations and governing mechanisms

Cited by 397 publications

References 60 publications

Facile Ball-Milling Synthesis of CuO/Biochar Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Reactive Red 120

Facile Ball-Milling Synthesis of CuO/Biochar Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Reactive Red 120

Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System

Environmental behavior of engineered biochars and their aging processes in soil

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