Effects of Chemically Doped Bioactive Borate Glass on Neuron Regrowth and Regeneration

Abstract

Peripheral nerve injuries present challenges to regeneration. Currently, the gold standard for nerve repair is an autograft that results in another region of the body suffering nerve damage. Previously, bioactive borate glass (BBG) has been studied in clinical trials to treat patients with non-healing wounds, and we have reported that BBG is conducive for soft tissue repair. BBG provides structural support, degrades in a non-cytotoxic manner, and can be chemically doped. Here, we tested a wide range of chemical compounds that are reported to have neuroprotective characteristics to promote regeneration of peripheral neurons after traumatic injury. We hypothesized that chemical dopants added in trace amounts to BBG would improve neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants. We measured neurite outgrowth from whole DRG explants, and survival rates of dissociated neurons and support cells that comprise the DRG. Results show that chemically doped BBGs have differentially variable effects on neuronal survival and outgrowth, with iron, gallium, and zinc improving outgrowth of neurons, and iodine causing the most detriment to neurons. Because chemically doped BBGs support increased nerve regrowth and survival, they show promise for use in peripheral nerve regeneration.

Cu, Zn doped borate bioactive glasses: antibacterial efficacy and dose-dependentin vitromodulation of murine dendritic cells

“…49 Additionally, the effects of copper and/or zinc doped borate BGs have been evaluated in in vitro studies using fibroblasts, osteoblasts and endothelial cells considering similar BG compositions to those used in the present study. 40,45,46,48,[50][51][52][53][54][55] Although these published results are promising, they also showed that borate BGs, especially when doped with copper, could induce cytotoxic effects, particularly at high doses. 48,50 BGs have been extensively evaluated both in vitro and in vivo in their ability to improve bone and soft tissue regeneration, and so far several FDA approved BG compositions are commercially available in different forms (e.g.…”

Gallium containing bioactive materials: A review of anticancer, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties

“… Peripheral nerve regeneration Improved outgrowth of neurons and ratio of survival of neurons. Decreased survival of support cells [ 94 ] P 2 O 5 –CaO–MgO–Na 2 O–Ga 2 O 3 , up to 6 %Ga 2 O 3 Evaluation of the structural influence of gallium addition by NMR, FTIR, micro-Raman. Mechanical properties by nano-indentation.…”

Ce-doped Nanobioactive Glass/ Collagen/ Chitosan Composite Scaffolds: Biocompatibility with Normal Rabbit’s Osteoblast Cells and Anticancer Activity Test

“…It protects it from ROS damage (Perez et al 2008). Therefore, doping of bioactive glass with cerium ion can be useful for cancer treatment, and so, cerium has been incorporated in the bioactive glasses in previous studies (Leonelli et al, 2003;Zhang et al, 2010;Du et al, 2011;Shruti et al, 2012;Goh et al, 2014;Deliormanlı, 2015;Gupta et al, 2016;Nicolini et al, 2016Nicolini et al, , 2017Placek et al, 2018;Farag et al, 2019;Abbasi et al, 2021).…”