Blade internal cooling is crucial for gas turbine thermal efficiency improvement. As an essential component of gas turbine, the investigations on cooling performance of rotor blade is a must. In the paper, the research status of turbine rotor blade internal cooling is illustrated in term of the effect of Coriolis force, buoyancy and cooling channel structure on the cooling performance of rotation internal channel. The three factors have significant influence on the internal cooling performance. Moreover, the development trend of rotating internal cooling is introduced, and novel structure design concept of double wall inner cooling is introduced and simulated as well. The result indicates that the overall heat transfer of the change orientation cooling channel performs better compared to conventional serpentine U-shaped channel due to Coriolis effect. Therefore, that the novel structure cooling channel is promising in the future application.