Effects of crude extracts on some selected physiological parameters of French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) infected with rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)

Dominic, Menge; Makobe, M.; Monda, EO; Okemo, PO

doi:10.5897/ajps12.033

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The study was carried out from January to March 2022, at the animal facility located in Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Juja, in Kiambu County, Kenya. The University is located at latitude 1°05 S and longitude 37°00 E, and it lies at an altitude of 1525 m above sea level with rainfall bimodal and ranges from 500 to 1,300 mm while average temperature is 19.5°C (Menge et al, 2014).…”

Section: Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain against coccidia in naturally infected goats in Kenya

Daiba¹,

Ngotho²,

Kagira³

et al. 2023

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The current study assessed the anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain (CNB) against coccidiosis in goats. Bromelain was extracted from the pineapple peels using standard methods while oral solution of CNB was prepared using standard manufacturing methods. The in vivo study was done on fifteen healthy male goats naturally infected with coccidia. The goats were divided into three groups consisting of three treatment groups (90 and 270 mg/Kg CNB, Diclazuril, 5 mg/Kg). The drugs were administered orally for 3 days. Fecal Oocyst Counts (FOC) determined using the modified McMaster technique. The goats were observed for clinical signs on daily basis while body weight was recorded weekly. The level of packed cell volume (PCV), aspartate aminotransferases (AST), alanine aminotransferases (ALT), urea, and creatinine were assessed weekly. At the end of the study, goats were euthanized and gross pathology and histopathology conducted. The results showed that at day 28 post-treatment there was a significantly reduction of FOC of 98.42 and 82.30% for Diclazuril and 270 mg/Kg treatment groups, respectively. The reduction of FOC percentage was significantly higher (p ≤ 0.01) in Diclazuril group than that in 270 mg/Kg. During the monitoring period, there was no mortality or clinical signs observed in the goats. The PCV, AST, ALT, creatinine and urea were in normal ranges for goats. There were no pathological lesions on the goat organs. In conclusion, CNB had high anticoccidial efficacy and was safe for use in goats. Strategies to improve the efficacy of this potential drug should be further investigated.

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Section: Experimental Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain against coccidia in naturally infected goats in Kenya

Daiba¹,

Ngotho²,

Kagira³

et al. 2023

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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show abstract

“…The study was carried out at JKUAT, Kiambu County, Kenya. The university is located at latitude 1°05 S and longitude 37°00 E. It lies at an altitude of 1525 m above sea level and receives an annual rainfall of 850 mm with temperatures ranging from 13°C to 26°C [13].…”

Section: Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity and anthelmintic efficacy of chitosan encapsulated bromelain against gastrointestinal strongyles in Small East African goats in Kenya

Wasso¹,

Maina

Kagira

2020

Vet World

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Background and Aim: The development of resistance to anthelmintic drugs has prompted research into alternative methods of controlling intestinal nematodes in ruminants. This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic efficacy and toxicity of chitosan encapsulated bromelain in Small East African goats in Kenya. Materials and Methods: Adult mortality assay was performed using live Haemonchus contortus worms treated with encapsulated bromelain solution ranging from 0.125 mg/ml to 2 mg/ml. Percentage mortality of worms was calculated after 24 h and the lethal concentration 50% (LC50) determined. For the in vivo study, 18 healthy male indigenous goats were divided into six groups of three goats each. The encapsulated bromelain was orally administered in increasing dosages (3-30 mg kg) once daily, for 14 days. The packed cell volume (PCV), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, creatinine, and fecal egg count (FEC) were determined on a weekly basis. At the end of the study, the goats were sacrificed and gross pathology and histopathology of main organs assessed. Results: Albendazole had the highest (p<0.05) anthelmintic effect on the worms. An LC50 of 0.05 mg/ml, 0.445 mg/ml, and 0.155 mg/ml was observed for albendazole, plain bromelain, and encapsulated bromelain, respectively. The PCV of treated and untreated goats did not show any significant difference (p>0.05), varied from 29.3% to 35.1%, and was within the normal range of the animal. Likewise, no significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels of treated and the control (non-treated) goats. No adverse clinical symptoms, toxicity of the main organs, and mortality in goats were associated with the chitosan encapsulated bromelain after administration of dose up to 30 mg/kg for 14 days. Therefore, the lethal dose 50 of encapsulated bromelain may be considered to be >30 mg/kg. On day 28 post-treatment, the encapsulated bromelain showed a higher in vivo FEC reduction (68.8%) as compared to the plain bromelain (32.4%). Conclusion: Our results show that bromelain encapsulated in chitosan may be safe and effective in reducing the burden of gastrointestinal tract strongyle nematodes in goats. However, there is a need for further studies to establish the dosage of the encapsulated bromelain to be administered in a single dose for the treatment of goats against gastrointestinal strongyles. In addition, species-specific studies on the efficacy of encapsulated bromelain on strongyles are necessary to evaluate its effectiveness against the entire Strongyloididae family.

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“…To apply the oil for controlling insect or disease causing pathogens in the field, oil extract at 0.25 -3% (high volume spray) or about 3 L/ha (low volume spray) can be applied by using conventional knapsack, ULV or hand sprayers [36;44;43]. Otherwise the broom sprinkling method can be used where a long broom or leaf branch is dipped into desired concentration of the extract and sprinkling it on the crops [46]. The application is usually repeated at 10 days intervals.…”

Section: Oil Formulation and Mode Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanical Pesticides in Management of Common Bean Pests: Importance and Possibilities for Adoption by Small-scale Farmers in Africa

Karani

Ndakidemi

Mbega

2017

JALSI

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Botanical Pesticides (BPs) have been cited and are used as alternative to synthetic pesticides in agricultural systems worldwide. The BPs are believed to be safe to the environment and are used in pest control to avoid pesticidal pollution, which is a universal problem. In this review, authors provide comprehensive information on the use of BPs in management of common bean pests in Africa. This piece of literature is useful due to major negative side effects to the environment as well as human health arising from synthetic chemicals. It is due to this reason that the authors composed this review to provide insights on potentiality of the BPs in Africa. Generally, it is believed that majority of Africans, feel that BPs are their heritage, thus any technology derived from the BPs is likely to be highly adopted. This review highlights importance, preparation and different methods of applying the BPs so that farmers and other users of this document can easily understand quick methods of using BPs as alternative to synthetic pesticides in combating common bean pests in Africa. Furthermore, areas for future research have been highlighted to establish the need of moving the BPs industry forward for pest management in common bean and other crops in Africa.

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Effects of crude extracts on some selected physiological parameters of French beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) infected with rust (Uromyces appendiculatus)

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Assessment of anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain against coccidia in naturally infected goats in Kenya

Assessment of anticoccidial efficacy of chitosan nanoencapsulated bromelain against coccidia in naturally infected goats in Kenya

Toxicity and anthelmintic efficacy of chitosan encapsulated bromelain against gastrointestinal strongyles in Small East African goats in Kenya

Botanical Pesticides in Management of Common Bean Pests: Importance and Possibilities for Adoption by Small-scale Farmers in Africa

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