Effects of crystal quality and preferred orientation on the irreversible growth of compact TATB cylindrical explosives

Abstract

Three kinds of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) cylinders compacted with TATB raw materials, recrystallized near-spherical and platy TATB crystals are compared to investigate the effects of crystal quality and preferred orientation on their irreversible growth. The results show that the higher the crystal quality, the lower the irreversible volume growth. The compacted cylinders of raw material TATB, with the poorest crystal quality, possess more irreversible growth than those with recrystallized high quality TATB crystals. Irreversible growth of TATB cylinders are also affected by crystal preferred orientation. With the same crystal quality, crystal preferred orientation leads to anisotropic irreversible dimension growth, but has no effect on the volume expansion of TATB cylinders. By changing the crystal quality and preferred orientation, the deformation problem of TATB-based PBX explosives may be restricted. C 2013 Author(s)

Neutron Diffraction Measurements and Micromechanical Modelling of Temperature‐Dependent Variations in TATB Lattice Parameters

“…ap ressed or machined state, leading to part instability and damage throughout the material in certain cases [ 5,6].T his thermally dependent process, termed "ratchet growth",h as been ah ighly researched topic but the fundamental mechanisms are not completely understood [7][8][9].L oose powder has not been shown to exhibit ratchet growth but neat pressed (i.e. without binder) material does [7,10],a nd the polymer binder used in many cases can either hindero re xacerbate the behavior [6][7][8].…”

Growth of 2D Plate-Like HMX Crystals on Hydrophilic Substrate

“…9,10 The spheroidization of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) can control or diminish preferred orientation and anisotropic expansion of polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs). 11 Therefore, understanding the morphological properties of crystal materials and the response of exposed surfaces to external factors has become increasingly important in crystal application. 12 HMX (octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine) is widely used in many PBXs and propellants due to its high energy density and good thermal stability.…”

“…As for explosive crystal, the mechanical properties and thermal expansion are dramatically different with diverse crystal faces. − The shock sensitivity of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) depends strongly on the crystal orientation: highly sensitive along the (110) direction and highly insensitive along the (100) direction . Furthermore, the sensitivity and detonation properties of explosives are influenced largely by the morphological diversity, which is closely related to the growth rate anisotropy of the crystal face. , Compared with the multiangular explosive crystal, the cubic or spherical crystal has better stability to thermal and impact stimulation. , The spheroidization of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) can control or diminish preferred orientation and anisotropic expansion of polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) . Therefore, understanding the morphological properties of crystal materials and the response of exposed surfaces to external factors has become increasingly important in crystal application …”