Effects of deoxynivalenol and degradation enzyme on growth performance and immune responses in mule ducks

Abstract

Effects of deoxynivalenol (DON) on growth performance and immune responses, and the efficiency of DON degradation enzyme (DDE) in mule ducks were investigated. A total of 140 mule ducklings was equally assigned to treatment groups of control (no DON, no DDE), toxin 1 (5 ppm DON, no DDE), toxin 2 (10 ppm DON, no DDE), trial 1 (5 ppm DON, 1.5 kg/ton DDE), trial 2 (5 ppm DON, 2.5 kg/ton DDE), trial 3 (10 ppm DON, 1.5 kg/ton DDE), and trial 4 (10 ppm DON, 2.5 kg/ton DDE). There were no significant differences in total feed intake, body weight gain, and feed efficiency among treatment groups. However, the 5 ppm DON alone, 5 ppm +1.5 kg/ton DDE, and 10 ppm +1.5 kg/ton DDE groups resulted in a significant higher heart, liver and pancreas weight than those of control group. Pathological lesions in visceral organ and blood biochemistry parameters alteration were observed in mule ducks of all the DON treatment groups. DON challenge also decreased number of macrophages harvesting from each duck, and a slight improvement could even be seen if DDE 2.5 kg/ton were added, as compared with control group. These results suggest that DON exhibited multiple-toxic characteristics, in terms of hepatotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, and immunotoxicity in ducks. The addition of DDE at 1.5 or 2.5 kg/ton in diet have revealed a toxic-sparing effects in blood biochemistry parameters and immune functions.

An impact of Deoxynivalenol produced by Fusarium graminearum on broiler chickens

“…Fifty‐four‐one‐day‐old broilers (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to three different treatment groups ( n = 18 per group): (i) basal diet (control), (ii) basal diet plus 5 mg/kg of DON and (iii) basal diet plus 5 mg/kg of DON and 1.5 g/kg antidote—produced using Eubacterium as described before (Binder et al., ; Cheng, Chang, Lin, Wu, & Chen, ). The basal diets were formulated based on National Research Council recommendations (National Research Council, ).…”

The Toxicological Impacts of the Fusarium Mycotoxin, Deoxynivalenol, in Poultry Flocks with Special Reference to Immunotoxicity

“…For example, it was shown that feeding of Peking ducks with an increasing proportion of DON contaminated wheat (6–7 mg DON/kg and 0.05–0.06 mg ZON/kg) led to a relative decrease of the mass of the bursa of Fabricius [47], which may reduce the production of antibodies. Moreover, in ducks, higher heart, liver and pancreas weight were reported after feeding of DON [48], and in broilers gizzard, heart and bursa of Fabricius were having a higher weight [49,35]. On the other hand, the liver mass was reduced in broilers fed diets containing (9 or 18 mg DON/kg) [49].…”

Microfluidic Assembly Synthesis of Magnetic TiO2@SiO2 Hybrid Photonic Crystal Microspheres for Photocatalytic Degradation of Deoxynivalenol

“…natural aluminosilicate, mesoporous silica, and porous polymers [9,10]. Chemical or enzymic transformation methods had been utilized to treat DON based on the hydrolysis and oxidation reactions by using acids or bases or oxidants or enzymes [11][12][13]. A lot of work was focused on how to get the desired bacterium which could detoxify DON efficiently by bacteria screening [14,15].…”