Effects of Dietary Vegetable Oils on Mammary Lipid-Related Genes in Holstein Dairy Cows

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez, Einar; Geldsetzer-Mendoza, Carolina; Cancino‐Padilla, Nathaly; Morales, María Sol; Leskinen, Heidi; Garnsworthy, P. C.; Loor, Juan J.; Romero, Jaime

doi:10.3390/ani10010057

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…This enzyme is regulated by various factors associated with glucose content of the cell, glucose:glucagon ratio, and blood thyroxine concentration 18,19 . Our results differ from studies where relative expression of ACACA was not affected when cows were fed olive oil 6 and soybean oil 20 and when goats were supplemented with soybean 21 . The reduction in ACACA regulation caused by SO and FO could be related to an increase in dietary PUFA supply, which is normally related to downregulation of transcription regulatory genes such as SREBF1.…”

Section: Effects Of So and Fo On Lipid Metabolism-related Genes In Mscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…When cows are fed dietary oils, different responses take place at molecular levels, such as changes in expression of genes related to lipid metabolism at adipose tissue 3 , 4 or at mammary gland 5 – 7 levels. In this regard, we have observed that degree of FA saturation can trigger differential effects in expression of lipid-related genes in the mammary gland 6 . In fact, those alterations were observed in different biological functions, such as FA synthesis ( ACACA ), acetate and FA activation and intra-cellular transport ( FABP3 , FABP4 ), lipid droplet formation ( PLIN2 ), and transcription regulation ( THRSP ), and this was observed over a period of 63 days of lipid supplementation with either palm oil (as a saturated FA source) or olive oil (as an unsaturated FA source).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…No. M6101; Promega, Madison, USA) to avoid genomic DNA amplification, and the absence of genomic DNA was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the treated RNA 6 . The first-strand cDNA synthesis was run on a SureCycler 8800 Thermal Cycler (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) and performed using the ImProm-II Reverse Transcription System (Promega, Wisconsin, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The PCR primer efficiency (E) was calculated for each gene fluorescence curve with LinRegPCR 12.18 software. Relative abundance of genes involved in lipid metabolism in MSC from cows fed control on days 42 and 63 was compared with relative abundance of day 21 to evaluate fold-change 6 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SO and control vs. FO at each sampling time (21, 42, and 63 days). To test the long-term effects of lipid supplementation, data on relative gene abundance were based on comparisons between day 21 vs. day 42, and day 21 vs. day 63 6 . Relative quantification of gene abundance and the statistical analysis were performed with the REST software.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid sources on expression of lipid-related genes in bovine milk somatic cells

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Cancino‐Padilla

Geldsetzer-Mendoza

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to compare the effect of contrasting sources of dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA on expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in dairy cows. During 63 days, fifteen lactating cows were assigned to a control or basal diet containing no added lipid (n = 5 cows); and treatment diets supplemented with SO (n = 5 cows; unrefined soybean oil; 2.9% of DM) or FO (n = 5 cows; fish oil manufactured from salmon oil; 2.9% of DM). Plasma for fatty acid (FA) analysis and milk somatic cells (MSC) were obtained from all cows at the beginning of the study (day 0) and on days 21, 42 and 63. Plasma was used to determine FA transport dynamics. Compared with control and FO, plasma from SO had increased contents of C18:1 cis-9, C18:1 trans-11, C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 and total monounsaturated FA. On the other hand, compared with control and SO, FO increased plasma contents of C20:3 n-3, C20:3 n-6, C20:4 n-6, C20:5 n-3, C22:6 n-3 and total polyunsaturated FA. Moreover, plasma C18:3 n-3 and C20:5 n-3 increased over time for all diets. Compared with control, SO downregulated ACACA, INSIG1, and DGAT1, whereas FO downregulated ACACA, PPARGC1, LPIN1 and FABP3 on day 63, in MSC. At different time-points, SO and FO downregulated genes related to synthesis and intracellular transport of FA, synthesis of triglycerides, and transcription factors.

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Section: Effects Of So and Fo On Lipid Metabolism-related Genes In Mscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid sources on expression of lipid-related genes in bovine milk somatic cells

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Cancino‐Padilla

Geldsetzer-Mendoza

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Influence of dietary oils rich in omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids on rumen microbiome of dairy cows

Cancino‐Padilla

Gajardo

Neves

et al. 2023

Translational Animal Science

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The objective of this study was to compare the effect of supplementing dairy cow diets with contrasting sources of omega-6 (soybean oil) and omega-3 (fish oil) PUFA on rumen microbiome. For 63 days, 15 mid-lactating cows were fed a control diet (n = 5 cows; no fat supplement) or control diet supplemented with 2.9% DM of either soybean oil (SO; n = 5 cows) or fish oil (FO; n = 5 cows). Ruminal contents were collected on days 0, 21, 42 and 63 for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Beta diversity and Shannon, Simpson and Chao1 diversity indices were not affected by dietary treatments. In terms of core microbiome, Succiniclasticum, Prevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and NK4A214_group were the most prevalent taxa regardless of treatments. Bifidobacterium was absent in SO diet, Acetitomaculum was absent in FO, and Sharpea, was only detected in SO. Overall, results showed that at 2.9% DM supplementation of either SO or FO over 63 days in dairy cow diets does not cause major impact on bacterial community composition and thus is recommended as feeding practice.

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Transcriptome shifts triggered by vitamin A and SCD genotype interaction in Duroc pigs

et al. 2022

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Background The composition of intramuscular fat depends on genetic and environmental factors, including the diet. In pigs, we identified a haplotype of three SNP mutations in the stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD) gene promoter associated with higher content of monounsaturated fatty acids in intramuscular fat. The second of these three SNPs (rs80912566, C > T) affected a putative retinol response element in the SCD promoter. The effect of dietary vitamin A restriction over intramuscular fat content is controversial as it depends on the pig genetic line and the duration of the restriction. This study aims to investigate changes in the muscle transcriptome in SCD rs80912566 TT and CC pigs fed with and without a vitamin A supplement during the fattening period. Results Vitamin A did not affect carcass traits or intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition, but we observed an interaction between vitamin A and SCD genotype on the desaturation of fatty acids in muscle. As reported before, the SCD-TT pigs had more monounsaturated fat than the SCD-CC animals. The diet lacking the vitamin A supplement enlarged fatty acid compositional differences between SCD genotypes, partly because vitamin A had a bigger effect on fatty acid desaturation in SCD-CC pigs (positive) than in SCD-TT and SCD-TC animals (negative). The interaction between diet and genotype was also evident at the transcriptome level; the highest number of differentially expressed genes were detected between SCD-TT pigs fed with the two diets. The genes modulated by the diet with the vitamin A supplement belonged to metabolic and signalling pathways related to immunity and inflammation, transport through membrane-bounded vesicles, fat metabolism and transport, reflecting the impact of retinol on a wide range of metabolic processes. Conclusions Restricting dietary vitamin A during the fattening period did not improve intramuscular fat content despite relevant changes in muscle gene expression, both in coding and non-coding genes. Vitamin A activated general pathways of retinol response in a SCD genotype-dependant manner, which affected the monounsaturated fatty acid content, particularly in SCD-CC pigs.

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Effects of Dietary Vegetable Oils on Mammary Lipid-Related Genes in Holstein Dairy Cows

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid sources on expression of lipid-related genes in bovine milk somatic cells

Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid sources on expression of lipid-related genes in bovine milk somatic cells

Influence of dietary oils rich in omega-6 or omega-3 fatty acids on rumen microbiome of dairy cows

Transcriptome shifts triggered by vitamin A and SCD genotype interaction in Duroc pigs

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