Effects of dissolved oxygen on the morphology of an arachidonic acid production byMortierella alpina 1S-4

Higashiyama, Kenichi; Murakami, Katsushi; Tsujimura, Hideo; Matsumoto, Nobuya; Fujikawa, Shigeaki

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19990520)63:4<442::aid-bit7>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 64 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…It was revealed that the oxygen supply had no marked effect on synthesis of AA and other PUFA by fungi Entomophthora exitalis [24]. However, there is information that an increase in the oxygen concentration in the gas mixture up to 25% promoted a 60% increase in the AA amount per 1 L of medium in the case of M. alpina [32]. It should be noted that the application of this approach for indus trial AA production needs economic estimation, since enrichment of the gas mixture with oxygen requires additional financial expenditures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is considered that an increase in the unsaturation level of fatty acids in cytoplasmic membranes is an adaptive reaction of microorganisms to lowered environmental temperature [31]. Since fatty acid desaturation requires molecular oxygen, it can be assumed that the aeration level is essential for synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in microorganisms [24,32,33]. It is believed that the pH usually showed no marked effect on lipid synthesis in eukaryotic microorganisms [3,30].…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

Dedyukhina

Chistyakova

Mironov

et al. 2015

Appl Biochem Microbiol

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The effects of pH, aeration, and temperature on the growth of fungal strain Mortierella alpina LPM 301 and the synthesis of lipids and arachidonic acid in glycerol containing medium were studied. Arachidonic acid production in the stationary growth phase was found to depend considerably on the pH value; it reached the optimum at pH 6.0 and was irreversibly inhibited at a pH of 3.0. The pO 2 values in a range from 10 to 50% showed no marked effect on mycelium growth or the synthesis of lipids and arachidonic acid. The temperature optimum for arachidonic acid production was 20-22°C. Under continuous cultiva tion, the amount of arachidonic acid reached 29.8% of lipids and 7.4% of biomass. The arachidonic acid yield from the glycerol consumed was 4.1% by mass and 8.8% by energy. It is suggested that arachidonic acid syn thesis at an unfavorable pH and elevated temperatures was limited by the activity of Δ 12 desaturase and by the conversion of linoleic to arachidonic acid, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

Dedyukhina

Chistyakova

Mironov

et al. 2015

Appl Biochem Microbiol

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“…Therefore, dissolved oxygen (DO) is a very significant factor for PUFA production, as reported by previous studies (Higashiyama et al 2002; Su et al 2016). There have also been some attempts to monitor and control the DO concentration in order to prevent DO limitation during ARA production (Higashiyama et al 1999; Totani et al 1992). Cultivations were carried out at different DO levels in the range of 30–40, 10–20, and 0–5%, respectively, and the optimum DO concentration range was found to be 30–40%, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, controlling proper aeration and agitation rates in the whole process to balance the contradiction between these two factors is vitally important for the fermentation of fungal producers of ARA-rich oils. There have been some attempts to fulfill this objective by controlling the aeration (Higashiyama et al 1999; Nie et al 2014) and agitation rates (Higashiyama et al 1999; Peng et al 2010), respectively. ARA yields in these reports reached 4.7 g/L by strictly monitoring the mycelial morphology and employing a two-stage control strategy for the aeration rate, which represents an increase of 38.2% (Gao et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient multi-stage fermentation strategy for the production of microbial oil rich in arachidonic acid in Mortierella alpina

Zhang

Peng³

et al. 2017

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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BackgroundFungal morphology and aeration play a significant role in the growth process of Mortierella alpina. The production of microbial oil rich in arachidonic acid (ARA) in M. alpina was enhanced by using a multi-stage fermentation strategy which combined fed-batch culture with precise control of aeration and agitation rates at proper times.ResultsThe fermentation period was divided into four stages according to the cultivation characteristics of M. alpina. The dissolved oxygen concentration was well suited for ARA biosynthesis. Moreover, the ultimate dry cell weight (DCW), lipid, and ARA yields obtained using this strategy reached 41.4, 22.2, 13.5 g/L, respectively. The respective values represent 14.8, 25.8, and 7.8% improvements over traditional fed-batch fermentation processes.ConclusionsThis strategy provides promising control insights for the mass production of ARA-rich oil on an industrial scale. Pellet-like fungal morphology was transformed into rice-shaped particles which were beneficial for oxygen transfer and thus highly suitable for biomass accumulation.

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“…However, beyond this range, ARA production gradually declined with increasing oxygen uptake rate. As reported by Higashiyama et al, when the DO concentration range was 10-15 ppm, the ARA yield was enhanced 1.6-fold over a DO of 7 ppm, and a DO between 20 and 50 ppm drastically decreased ARA production [ 36 ]. This indicated that excessive oxygen exposure during fermentation could impair ARA overproduction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reconstruction and analysis of a genome-scale metabolic model of the oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina

Chen

et al. 2015

BMC Syst Biol

108

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BackgroundMortierella alpina is an oleaginous fungus used in the industrial scale production of arachidonic acid (ARA). In order to investigate the metabolic characteristics at a systems level and to explore potential strategies for enhanced lipid production, a genome-scale metabolic model of M. alpina was reconstructed.ResultsThis model included 1106 genes, 1854 reactions and 1732 metabolites. On minimal growth medium, 86 genes were identified as essential, whereas 49 essential genes were identified on yeast extract medium. A series of sequential desaturase and elongase catalysed steps are involved in the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from acetyl-CoA precursors, with concomitant NADPH consumption, and these steps were investigated in this study. Oxygen is known to affect the degree of unsaturation of PUFAs, and robustness analysis determined that an oxygen uptake rate of 2.0 mmol gDW−1 h−1 was optimal for ARA accumulation. The flux of 53 reactions involving NADPH was significantly altered at different ARA levels. Of these, malic enzyme (ME) was confirmed as a key component in ARA production and NADPH generation. When using minimization of metabolic adjustment, a knock-out of ME led to a 38.28% decrease in ARA production.ConclusionsThe simulation results confirmed the model as a useful tool for future research on the metabolism of PUFAs.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-014-0137-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Effects of dissolved oxygen on the morphology of an arachidonic acid production byMortierella alpina 1S-4

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

The effect of pH, aeration, and temperature on arachidonic acid synthesis by Mortierella alpina

An efficient multi-stage fermentation strategy for the production of microbial oil rich in arachidonic acid in Mortierella alpina

Reconstruction and analysis of a genome-scale metabolic model of the oleaginous fungus Mortierella alpina

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