Effects of Dry and Wet Shipping Conditions on Quality, Vase Life, and Physiological Responses of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Baekma’ Cut Flowers

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the effects of NaOCl, ClO 2 , and Chrysal OVB, which are the solutions used for shipping, on the quality and vase life of chrysanthemum 'Baekma' cut flowers. We also aimed to analyze correlations with vase life by analyzing chlorophyll fluorescence and spectral reflectance of cut flowers subjected to dry and wet shipping. Compared to dry shipping, the wet shipping treatments using solutions of NaOCl, ClO 2 , and Chrysal OVB resulted in an increase of fresh weight and flower width, with the leaves remaining in fresh states after transport for 4 days. In holding solution, the cut flowers transported with 50 mg•L -1 NaOCl had a greater fresh weight and flower diameter as well as a longer vase life of 26 days compared with dry and wet shipping conditions with tap water, ClO 2 , and Chrysal OVB solution. The cut flowers treated with wet shipping conditions by NaOCl had lower values of ABS/RC and DIo/RC and higher values of Fm/Fo, Fv/Fo, Fv/Fm, TRo/ABS, ETo/TRo, ETo/ABS, Pi_ABS, and ETo/RC among chlorophyll fluorescence parameters compared to those subjected to dry shipping conditions. Among the parameters, the Fv/Fm and ETo/RC exhibited statistically significant correlations with the vase life of cut flowers. In terms of spectral reflectance, the wet shipping treatment with 50 mg•L -1 NaOCl resulted in lower values of CRI, G, MCARI, NPCI, and SIPI that represent the ratio of contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll compared to the dry shipping treatment, whereas SRPI resulted in higher values. Among these parameters, the CRI, SRPI, and NPCI manifested a statistically significant correlation with vase life of cut flowers. Therefore, it was concluded that wet shipping with 50 mg•L -1 NaOCl helped maintain quality and vase life of cut flowers of chrysanthemum 'Baekma' compared to dry or wet shipping with Chrysal OVB and ClO 2 that were used commercially. In addition, the Fv/Fm and ETo/RC, representing chlorophyll fluorescence, and CRI, SRPI, and NPCI, representing spectral reflectance, were found to be feasible indicators predicting the vase life of cut flowers.

Nanobubble and Ozone Nanobubble Treatments Increase the Vase Life of Cut Cymbidium ‘Spring Pearl’

“…The vase life of a cut flower is considered the most critical factor affecting consumers' preferences and growers' production (Shi et al, 2021). Postharvest senescence is a limiting factor in marketing many species of cut flowers related to water quality, water deficit stress, ethylene, environmental (e.g., temperature, light, and humidity), and biological factors during the harvest and transportation (Roh et al, 2020;Ha et al, 2021). Preservatives are applied to the vase water to reduce postharvest deterioration and premature senescence of cut flowers and hinder the development of microorganisms on the stem that block water passage, causing dehydration (Ha et al, 2020;García-González et al, 2022).…”

Growth and Flowering by Relighting and Daminozide Treatment in the Flower Bud Formation Stage of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Baekma’ Cut Flowers

“…생장억제제 중에서 daminozide는 절화와 분화용 국화의 생장 조절을 위해 재배자들이 가장 많이 사용하고 있고, triazole계 생장억제제보다 과다 살포 시에도 부작용이 적은 특성을 지니고 있다 (Davis et al, 1988). 스프레이 국화 'Charming Eye', 'Pink Pride', 'Reagan Sunny', 'Vyking'은 daminozide 처리시 소화경의 길이가 짧아졌다고 하였고 (Kwon et al, 2001;Ab Kahar, 2008;Lee, 2011), 스탠다드 국화 '백광'과 '정운'의 경우에도 화아형성기에 처리하면 꽃목 길이가 짧아져 절화품질이 향상된다고 하였다 (Hwang et al, 2004;Kim et al, 2004) 스탠다드 계통인 절화 국화 '백마'가 육성된 이래 육묘 조건에 따른 생육 (Yoo and Roh, 2012a), 야간온도에 따른 생육과 개 화 (Choi et al, 2009;Lee and Cho, 2011), 일장처리에 따른 생육과 개화 (Kwon et al, 2014), 관수량과 무기양분에 따른 생육 과 개화 (Yoo and Roh, 2012b), 환경조절에 의한 흰녹병 방제 (Yoo and Roh, 2014;Yoo et al, 2016), 수확 후 관리 (Lee and Lee, 2015;Roh, 2015a, 2015b;Roh et al, 2017;Roh et al, 2020) 로 길었으며, stage I과 II에 400 또는 800mg•L -1 2회 처리에서 96-101cm로 짧은 것으로 나타났다(Table 3 and Fig. 3A).…”