Effects of Dry-Land Training Programs on Swimming Turn Performance: A Systematic Review

Hermosilla, Francisco; Sanders, Ross; González-Mohíno, Fernando; Yustres, Inmaculada; González-Ravé, José María

doi:10.3390/ijerph18179340

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The researchers attribute this to the fact that the physical therapy used and the flexibility and strength exercises that were used rehabilitated the working muscles of Monofin. which agrees with (Fone & van den Tillaar, 2022;Hermosilla et al, 2021;Karpiński et al, 2020) In that the regular physiotherapy based on scientific foundations is a quick and inexpensive solution to recover from injuries and ensure that the injury does not develop and get rid of pain, and its effect is more noticeable more quickly on large muscles .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Saleh

Al-Imari²

2022

Journal of Applied Sports Science

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This research aims to prepare rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint during the performance of monofin swimming to recovery from fibrosis of the ankle joint resulting from an unhealed fracture in monofin swimming. The study concluded that the Ultrasound and Shockwave sessions, in addition to Stretching for the two legs, are among the most important, inexpensive and effective ways to help the joint return to its natural state, and as a result, the joint returned to its normal position and regained its ability to perform its normal functional tasks efficiently.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Saleh

Al-Imari²

2022

Journal of Applied Sports Science

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“…Specifically, it has been shown that high levels of maximum strength in various exercises (e.g., bench press, pull-up, back squat, horizontal rows, etc.) correlate with many technical components of a swimming race, such as trunk stability during the stroke, gliding phase, diving phase, turning phase, stroke length, stroke frequency, and stroke index [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 11 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ], ultimately translating into optimized swimming velocity [ 19 ]. Nonetheless, vertical pulling gestures are the most used and effective motions for evaluating force–velocity production in swimming performances [ 11 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Maximum Force–Velocity Exertion and Swimming Performances among Four Strokes over Medium and Short Distances: The Stronger on Dry Land, the Faster in Water?

Sorgente

Agudo-Ortega

López-Hernández³

et al. 2023

JFMK

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Evaluating force–velocity characteristics on dry-land is of the utmost importance in swimming, because higher levels of these bio-motor abilities positively affect in-water performance. However, the wide range of possible technical specializations presents an opportunity for a more categorized approach that has yet to be seized. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify feasible differences in maximum force–velocity exertion based on swimmers’ stroke and distance specialization. To this scope, 96 young male swimmers competing at the regional level were divided into 12 groups, one for each stroke (butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, and front crawl) and distance (50 m, 100 m, and 200 m). They performed two single pull-up tests, 5-min before and after competing in a federal swimming race. We assessed force (N) and velocity (m/s) exertion via linear encoder. There were no significant differences between pre-post maximum force–velocity exertions, despite the decreasing trend. Force-parameters highly correlated with each other and with the swimming performance time. Moreover, both force (t = −3.60, p < 0.001) and velocity (t = −3.90, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of swimming race time. Sprinters (both 50 m and 100 m) of all strokes could exert significantly higher force–velocity compared to 200 m swimmers (e.g., 0.96 ± 0.06 m/s performed by sprinters vs. 0.66 ± 0.03 m/s performed by 200 m swimmers). Moreover, breaststroke sprinters presented significantly lower force–velocity compared to sprinters specialized in the other strokes (e.g., 1047.83 ± 61.33 N performed by breaststroke sprinters vs. 1263.62 ± 161.23 N performed by butterfly sprinters). This study could provide the foundation for future research regarding the role of stroke and distance specializations in modeling swimmers’ force–velocity abilities, thus influencing paramount elements for specific training and improvement towards competitions.

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“…Previous works have been performed to solve controversy by systematically aggregating the literature related to strength and conditioning practices in WSA [ 52 , 53 , 67 , 68 ]. However, most of these reviews did not consider including a meta-analysis, or addressed a restricted population (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This leaves the question of the effects of single-mode PJT unanswered. Furthermore, when PJT studies were included, the number was low ( n = 6 studies [ 53 ]; n = 4 studies [ 52 ]; n = 2 studies [ 68 ]). To account for the previous limitations (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…water) environments [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Indeed, PJT may improve WSA performance [31,52,53], targeting key muscles from ankle, knee, and hip joints that may aid during key competitive movements such as kicking in swimming [54], jumping from the start platform and flip turns, lower-limb extension during the stroke in rowing [5,7], among others. Furthermore, PJT may be equally or even more effective to improve PF (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Measures of Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance of Water Sports Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background A growing body of literature is available regarding the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of physical fitness (PF) and sport-specific performance (SSP) in-water sports athletes (WSA, i.e. those competing in sports that are practiced on [e.g. rowing] or in [e.g. swimming; water polo] water). Indeed, incoherent findings have been observed across individual studies making it difficult to provide the scientific community and coaches with consistent evidence. As such, a comprehensive systematic literature search should be conducted to clarify the existent evidence, identify the major gaps in the literature, and offer recommendations for future studies. Aim To examine the effects of PJT compared with active/specific-active controls on the PF (one-repetition maximum back squat strength, squat jump height, countermovement jump height, horizontal jump distance, body mass, fat mass, thigh girth) and SSP (in-water vertical jump, in-water agility, time trial) outcomes in WSA, through a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized controlled studies. Methods The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched up to January 2022. According to the PICOS approach, the eligibility criteria were: (population) healthy WSA; (intervention) PJT interventions involving unilateral and/or bilateral jumps, and a minimal duration of ≥ 3 weeks; (comparator) active (i.e. standard sports training) or specific-active (i.e. alternative training intervention) control group(s); (outcome) at least one measure of PF (e.g. jump height) and/or SSP (e.g. time trial) before and after training; and (study design) multi-groups randomized and non-randomized controlled trials. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to compute the meta-analyses, reporting effect sizes (ES, i.e. Hedges’ g) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Certainty or confidence in the body of evidence for each outcome was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), considering its five dimensions: risk of bias in studies, indirectness, inconsistency, imprecision, and risk of publication bias. Results A total of 11,028 studies were identified with 26 considered eligible for inclusion. The median PEDro score across the included studies was 5.5 (moderate-to-high methodological quality). The included studies involved a total of 618 WSA of both sexes (330 participants in the intervention groups [31 groups] and 288 participants in the control groups [26 groups]), aged between 10 and 26 years, and from different sports disciplines such as swimming, triathlon, rowing, artistic swimming, and water polo. The duration of the training programmes in the intervention and control groups ranged from 4 to 36 weeks. The results of the meta-analysis indicated no effects of PJT compared to control conditions (including specific-active controls) for in-water vertical jump or agility (ES = − 0.15 to 0.03; p = 0.477 to 0.899), or for body mass, fat mass, and thigh girth (ES = 0.06 to 0.15; p = 0.452 to 0.841). In terms of measures of PF, moderate-to-large effects were noted in favour of the PJT groups compared to the control groups (including specific-active control groups) for one-repetition maximum back squat strength, horizontal jump distance, squat jump height, and countermovement jump height (ES = 0.67 to 1.47; p = 0.041 to < 0.001), in addition to a small effect noted in favour of the PJT for SSP time-trial speed (ES = 0.42; p = 0.005). Certainty of evidence across the included studies varied from very low-to-moderate. Conclusions PJT is more effective to improve measures of PF and SSP in WSA compared to control conditions involving traditional sport-specific training as well as alternative training interventions (e.g. resistance training). It is worth noting that the present findings are derived from 26 studies of moderate-to-high methodological quality, low-to-moderate impact of heterogeneity, and very low-to-moderate certainty of evidence based on GRADE. Trial registration The protocol for this systematic review with meta-analysis was published in the Open Science platform (OSF) on January 23, 2022, under the registration doi https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/NWHS3 (internet archive link: https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-nwhs3-v1).

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Effects of Dry-Land Training Programs on Swimming Turn Performance: A Systematic Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

The effect of rehabilitation exercises according to the bio-kinematic analysis of the subtalar joint after recovery from fibrosis resulting from a non-healing fracture in monofin swimming.

Relationship between Maximum Force–Velocity Exertion and Swimming Performances among Four Strokes over Medium and Short Distances: The Stronger on Dry Land, the Faster in Water?

Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Measures of Physical Fitness and Sport-Specific Performance of Water Sports Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

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