Effects of Elevated CO2 and Nitrogen Deposition on Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes on the Sanjiang Plain Wetland in Northeast China

Wang, Jianbo; Zhu, Tingcheng; Ni, Hongwei; Zhong, Haixiu; Fu, Xinghe; Wang, Jifeng

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066563

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Our results demonstrate that chronic nutrient fertilization can fundamentally alter carbon fluxes in tidal salt marsh creek banks via increases in R eco . We found that N enrichment increased both R eco and GPP, both of which have been observed in other systems (Anisfeld and Hill 2012;Caplan et al 2015;Morris and Bradley 1999;Wang et al 2013). Our data suggest that N enrichment can increase carbon losses from the ecosystem through increases in Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Moreover, substantial N enrichment of coastal aquatic systems can cause algal blooms, hypoxia (Fields 2004), and shifts in wetland plant communities (Langley et al 2013). Therefore, N enrichment could have unfavorable implications for carbon sequestration in salt marshes, especially in combination with elevated temperatures and CO 2 concentrations (Caplan et al 2015;Wang et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that N enrichment induces both direct and indirect effects on carbon cycle processes, the net effects of nutrient enrichment on carbon cycling and sequestration in tidal salt marshes are difficult to predict. For example, NH 4 + enrichment typically enhances net ecosystem CO 2 exchange (NEE) and gross primary production (GPP) (Caplan et al 2015;Wang et al 2013). NO 3 − can similarly stimulate primary production (Mallin, Paerl, and Rudek 1991;Mallin et al 1993;Mendelssohn 1979), theoretically increasing NEE and GPP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

Geoghegan

Caplan

Leech

et al. 2018

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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Introduction: Nitrogen enrichment of coastal salt marshes can induce feedbacks that alter ecosystem-level processes including primary production and carbon sequestration. Despite the rising interest in coastal blue carbon, the effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on blue carbon processes have rarely been measured in the context of experimental fertilization. Here, we examined the ecosystem-level effects of nitrate (NO 3 −) enrichment on the greenhouse gas dynamics of a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh. We measured CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes using static chambers through two growing seasons in a salt marsh that was nitrogen-enriched for 13 years and compared fluxes to those from a reference marsh. Outcomes: We found that nitrogen enrichment increased gross primary productivity (GPP) by 7.7% and increased ecosystem respiration (R eco) by 20.8%. However, nitrogen enrichment had no discernible effect on net ecosystem exchange (NEE). Taken together, these results suggest that nitrogen-induced stimulation of R eco could transform this salt marsh from a carbon sink into a source of carbon to the atmosphere. Conclusion: Our results complement prior findings of nitrogen enrichment weakening soil structure and organic matter stability in tidal salt marshes, suggesting that increased nutrient inputs have the potential to alter the carbon storage function of these ecosystems through enhanced microbial respiration of previously sequestered carbon.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

Geoghegan

Caplan

Leech

et al. 2018

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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“…S10). A comprehensive assessment of the relationships between GA‐RRs and SR‐RRs under these conditions is currently not feasible due to the small data set, but other studies have shown that N addition had negative or no effects on SR under these conditions (Tao et al ., ; Wang et al ., ; Zhou et al ., ). Our results suggest that soil pH should be considered when implementing GA‐RRs as the proximate agents of SR‐RRs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costimulation of soil glycosidase activity and soil respiration by nitrogen addition

Chen

Luo

et al. 2016

Global Change Biology

181

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Unprecedented levels of nitrogen (N) have been deposited in ecosystems over the past century, which is expected to have cascading effects on microbially mediated soil respiration (SR). Extracellular enzymes play critical roles on the degradation of soil organic matter, and measurements of their activities are potentially useful indicators of SR. The links between soil extracellular enzymatic activities (EEAs) and SR under N addition, however, have not been established. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis from 62 publications to synthesize the responses of soil EEAs and SR to elevated N. Nitrogen addition significantly increased glycosidase activity (GA) by 13.0%, α-1,4-glucosidase (AG) by 19.6%, β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) by 11.1%, β-1,4-xylosidase (BX) by 21.9% and β-D-cellobiosidase (CBH) by 12.6%. Increases in GA were more evident for long duration, high rate, organic and mixed N addition (combination of organic and inorganic N addition), as well as for studies from farmland. The response ratios (RRs) of GA were positively correlated with the SR-RRs, even when evaluated individually for AG, BG, BX and CBH. This positive correlation between GA-RR and SR-RR was maintained for most types of vegetation and soil as well as for different methods of N addition. Our results provide the first evidence that GA is linked to SR under N addition over a range of ecosystems and highlight the need for further studies on the response of other soil EEAs to various global change factors and their implications for ecosystem functions.

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“…In China, wetland carbon flux studies were concentrated in cold and temperate regions, such as alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau (Hirota et al, 2006;Chen et al, 2009;Zhao et al, 2010), and marshlands in Sanjiang Plain (Ding et al, 2005;Song et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2013). However, the data were rarely available in warm regions (Xu and Tian, 2012;Yu et al, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem respiration and its components from a Carex meadow of Poyang Lake during the drawdown period

Yao

et al. 2015

Atmospheric Environment

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h i g h l i g h t sEcosystem respiration and its components were mainly controlled by temperature. Q 10 values varied widely with time and among ecosystem respiratory components. Summer flood duration could largely alter drawdown period carbon sink intensity. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c tLittle is known about the components of ecosystem respiration from a subtropical littoral wetland with dramatic annual inundation dynamics. In this study, we investigated ecosystem respiration and its components in a Poyang lake Carex meadow during the drawdown periods from May 2009 to June 2011. Both ecosystem respiration and its components showed clear temporal variation pattern, with temperature being the dominant control. Ecosystem respiration ranged from 98.01 to 1359.25 mg CO 2 m À2 h À1. Shoot and root respiration contributed approximately 36% and 26% to the ecosystem respiration, respectively, whereas microbial respiration accounted for 38% of the ecosystem respiration. The ratio of total soil respiration to ecosystem respiration varied from 0.45 to 0.90, depending on growing season stages. Their Q 10 values ranged from 1.72 to 2.51, with the maximum for shoot respiration and the minimum for microbial respiration. In addition, the Q 10 values varied with time and among ecosystem respiratory components and hence could not be treated as a constant. None of the respiration measurements was significantly related to soil moisture, suggesting that soil moisture was not a limiting environmental factor for respiratory activity during the drawdown periods in this meadow. The Carex meadow acted as strong carbon sink during the drawdown periods due to double growing seasons, but the previous summer flood duration could substantially alter carbon sink intensity in the following drawdown period. The total carbon sink of the littoral zone of Poyang Lake during drawdown periods was estimated to be 0.17e0.59 Tg C yr À1.

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Effects of Elevated CO2 and Nitrogen Deposition on Ecosystem Carbon Fluxes on the Sanjiang Plain Wetland in Northeast China

Cited by 21 publications

References 36 publications

Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

Nitrogen enrichment alters carbon fluxes in a New England salt marsh

Costimulation of soil glycosidase activity and soil respiration by nitrogen addition

Ecosystem respiration and its components from a Carex meadow of Poyang Lake during the drawdown period

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