Effects of endoxylanase addition to wheat-based diets on physico-chemical chyme conditions and mineral absorption in broilers

Klis, J.D. van der; Kwakernaak, C.; Wit, W. De

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(95)00687-i

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our results contrasted with those presented by van der Klis et al [34] who showed that the addition of xylanase to wheat-based diets does not affect the osmolality of the intestinal contents.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Effects of xylanase and ?-glucanase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility, and physico-chemical conditions in the small intestine contents and caecal microflora of broiler chickens fed a wheat and barley-based diet

et al. 2002

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-Corn-or wheat and barley-based diets were supplemented or not with xylanase and β-glucanase (Quatrazyme HP, Nutri-Tomen, France) and fed to broiler chickens (n = 12 per group) from 3 to 25 days of age. The unsupplemented wheat and barley-based diet reduced (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain and feed intake, and increased the feed conversion ratio as compared to the corn-based diet. Viscosity in the supernatant of the small intestine contents was increased (P ≤ 0.05), whereas pH and osmolality values decreased (P ≤ 0.05). Crude fat and protein digestibility were reduced as well as the apparent metabolizable energy (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, wheat and barley consumption, when compared with the corn-based diet, produced an increase in the microflora of the caeca, with 10.0 vs. 8.9 log CFU·g -1 for facultative anaerobic bacteria, 6.5 vs. 5.6 log CFU·g -1 for E. coli and 9.7 vs. 8.3 log CFU·g -1 for Lactobacillus. The addition of xylanase and β-glucanase to the wheat and barley-based diet significantly reduced the viscosity of the small intestine contents and improved (P ≤ 0.05) weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio. The digestibility of the nutrients, the apparent metabolizable energy and the osmolality of the small intestine contents were also increased without alteration in pH values. At the same time, the number of total facultative anaerobic bacteria and E. coli decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of xylanase and β-glucanase improves the digestibility of a wheat and barley-based diet, probably by reducing the viscosity of the intestine content and by impeding the growth of bacteria (total facultative anaerobic bacteria, E. coli). Abbreviations: AME, Apparent metabolizable energy; AME n , Apparent metabolizable energy to zero nitrogen balance; CFU, Colony forming units; DM, Dry matter; GE, Gross energy; HPAEC, High performance anion exchange chromatography; NSP, Non starch polysaccharides; RAV, Real applied viscosity; VFA, Volatile fatty acids.Résumé -Influence de la supplémentation du régime alimentaire par une association de xylanase et de -glucanase sur la digestibilité des nutriments, les conditions physico-chimiques dans l'intestin grêle et l'équilibre de la flore caecale chez le poulet nourri avec un aliment à base de blé et d'orge. Trente-six poulets de chair (Ross) sont, entre le 3 e et le 25 e jour d'âge, nourris soit avec un aliment témoin à base de maïs soit un aliment expérimental contenant du blé et de l'orge supplémenté ou non avec une association de xylanase et de β-glucanase (Quatrazyme HP, Nutri-Tomen, France). Le gain de poids et l'efficacité alimentaire sont plus faibles (P ≤ 0,05) chez les poulets nourris avec un régime à base de blé et d'orge que chez les témoins. La baisse des performances zootechniques est liée à une réduction de la pression osmotique, une diminution (P ≤ 0,05) de la digestibilité des lipides et des protéines et une baisse de l'énergie. En revanche, la viscosité du contenu intestinal, le nombre de bactéries anaérobies facultatives (10,0 vs....

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 57%

Effects of xylanase and ?-glucanase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility, and physico-chemical conditions in the small intestine contents and caecal microflora of broiler chickens fed a wheat and barley-based diet

et al. 2002

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“…This conclusion is supported by others (Antoniou & Marquardt, 1982;Wang et al, 1992;Marquardt et al, 1994), who showed that fibre fractions in the gain affect feed utilisation negatively by suppressing the digestion of nutrients. Van der Klis et al (1995) also showed that a negative relationship existed between intestinal viscosity and mineral absorption in broilers fed wheat diets. The higher digestibility of DM, organic matter, and minerals when oats were high-moisture stored could also be explained by reduced soluble fibre content and viscosity, although better feed utilisation or weight gain were not seen when high-moisture stored oats were fed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effect of high‐moisture storage of barley, oats, and wheat on chemical content and nutritional value for broiler chickens

Svihus¹,

Herstad²,

Newman

1997

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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Barley, oats, and wheat were stored anaerobically for three months after adjusting the dry matter content to 60%. The content of true protein was reduced when grains were high-moisture stored, but the amino acid content was not affected to the same extent. High-moisture storage decreased the soluble dietary fibre and soluble β-glucan content in barley and oats, and simultaneously the extract viscosity of the grain was reduced to the same level as for wheat. In two experiments with two to five week old broiler chickens given diets with 70% dried or high-moisture stored grain, feed:gain ratio was reduced (P < 0.05) to the same level as for the wheat diets when high-moisture stored barley instead of dried barley was fed, and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, fat, and minerals increased (P < 0.05). Weight gain and cleanness of cages also increased (P < 0.05), and the relative size of the digestive tract was reduced (P < 0.05). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and minerals increased (P < 0.05) when highmoisture stored oats compared to dried oats were fed, and highmoisture storage of wheat increased (P < 0.05) P and Ca digestibility.

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“…In this study, supplementation of the wheat-based diet with xylanase lowered jejunal digesta viscosity, thus enabling more rapid digestion. Although similar solubilization of nonstarch polysaccharides from supplemental enzymes has been described in previous investigations [18,19], the significance of viscous carbohydrate complexes within the intestinal lumen of birds is still not well understood. The influence of diet on mucin composition was examined by comparing the distribution pattern of neutral, carboxylated and sulphomucins in surface and crypt goblet cells of chicks given either a maize-based diet or wheat diets unsupplemented and supplemented with 0.1% xylanase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The influence of diet on the mucin carbohydrates in the chick intestinal tract

Sharma¹,

Fernandez

Hinton

et al. 1997

CMLS, Cell. mol. life sci.

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The presence of nutrients in the intestinal lumen is a major factor influencing bacterial colonization in poultry. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of poultry feed on viscosity of intestinal contents and on mucin carbohydrates by comparing jejunal supernatants and the histochemical composition of goblet cells in chicks reared to 5 weeks of age on either a conventional maize-based diet or a wheat-based diet or a wheat diet supplemented with 0.1% xylanase. Regional differences in the distribution of the neutral, carboxylated and sulphated mucins were demonstrated using conventional histochemical techniques, while a panel of lectins was used to study alterations in glycoconjugate synthesis of mucins in chicks fed different diets. 1) Feeding a diet supplemented with xylanase lowered the viscosity but increased the amount of neutral, carboxylated and sulphated mucins in the jejunum. 2) In chicks fed a maize-based diet, neutral mucins increased in the surface and upper crypt goblet cells of the small and large intestines but decreased in the caecum. 3) Feeding a diet supplemented with xylanase modified crypt-surface glycosylation of N-acetylglucosamine residues and resulted in loss of sialic acid residues in the small and large intestines. These results indicate that the constituents of poultry feed, in particular the consumption of a diet supplemented with xylanase, lead to changes in intestinal viscosity and mucin composition which are associated with alterations in the goblet cell glycoconjugates of the chick intestinal tract.

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Effects of endoxylanase addition to wheat-based diets on physico-chemical chyme conditions and mineral absorption in broilers

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Effects of xylanase and ?-glucanase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility, and physico-chemical conditions in the small intestine contents and caecal microflora of broiler chickens fed a wheat and barley-based diet

Effects of xylanase and ?-glucanase addition on performance, nutrient digestibility, and physico-chemical conditions in the small intestine contents and caecal microflora of broiler chickens fed a wheat and barley-based diet

Effect of high‐moisture storage of barley, oats, and wheat on chemical content and nutritional value for broiler chickens

The influence of diet on the mucin carbohydrates in the chick intestinal tract

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