Effects of Feeding Diets Containing Sucrose, Cellobiose or Glucose on the Dry Weights of Cleaned Gastrointestinal Organs in the Rat

Abstract

Compared to feeding basal (67%) cornstarch or 25% glucose or 25% sucrose diets, feeding a 15% cellobiose diet to rats for 4–5 weeks resulted in diarrhea, smaller body weight gains, greater small gut weight relative to body weight, greater absolute and relative weights of the cecum and of the colon plus rectum, and several differences in stomach weight. In a separate 4–4 1/2-week feeding experiment, the absolute and relative weights of the stomach in three dietary groups were in the order: 67% glucose > 67% sucrose > 67% cornstarch. Also 67% sucrose exceeded 67% cornstarch in absolute and relative small gut weights and in small gut weight: length ratio.

Effect of cellobiose and dietary soluble fibre on fermentation, growth performance and health in rabbits

“…1, a pro-inflammatory response was observed in the appendix of rabbits fed the maximal dose of CEL supplementation (15 g/L), especially in those fed the HSF diet. These effects are in agreement with those obtained by supplementing a higher dose of CEL (15% in feed) to rats (Moinuddin and Lee, 1958), suggesting that the positive or negative interaction of CEL with the host microbiota and hence its prebiotic effects might be dose dependent. Moreover, at the time of sampling for the immune response analysis (46 d of age), the mortality in groups supplemented with 15 g of CEL/L was still increasing, which might account for the strong immune response observed, even when all the slaughtered rabbits were apparently healthy.…”

“…This excess of CEL (15 g/L, equivalent to 2.2% in the feed; Exp. 1) negatively affected the rabbits' health at levels much lower than those reported by other authors in rats (15% in feed; Moinuddin and Lee, 1958). In contrast, the supplementation with 3.5 g of CEL/L to rabbits fed HSF diet tended to reduce the mortality in respect to 0.0 g of CEL/L when the mortality in the latter group was high (Exp.…”

“…The latter might suggest a relevant negative effect of CEL on caecal fermentation of HSF fed rabbits, especially at the highest dose, and a potential dysbiosis. In fact, dietary CEL supplementation at higher doses (15% in feed) produced a general diarrhea in rats (Moinuddin and Lee, 1958), and sometimes at 10% dietary CEL (Umeki et al, 2004;Nishimura et al, 2010), suggesting an interaction of CEL with the host microbiota. The dietary supplementation with lactose up to 14% during the post-weaning period (which is hydrolyzed by the same enzymes that CEL) also showed a negative effect on the mortality of rabbits affected by ERE (Gutiérrez et al, 2002).…”

“…Besides the effects of the addition of CEL, it will be of interest to evaluate the administrated concentrations and their possible synergic effect with the diet or with the microbiota present in the tract of the animal. In contrast, the increased of CEL concentration (up to 0.8 g of CEL infused directly to the stomach and up to 15% of CEL as replacement in high corn-starch diet in rats) increased the laxative action, causing loss of weight (Fischer and Sutton, 1957;Moinuddin and Lee, 1958). In rabbits, studies of the use of CEL are scarce.…”

The effect of cellobiose on the health status of growing rabbits depends on the dietary level of soluble fiber

“…Sugars can be included directly in the diet, and cello-oligosaccharides supplementation (0.15% to 0.3% diet) have proven to positively affect the intestinal mucosa and microbiota in pigs and poultry (Song et al, 2013;Jiao et al, 2014). Nevertheless, in rats widely variable results were reported using higher doses (10% to 15%; Moinuddin and Lee, 1958;Umeki et al, 2004).…”