Effects of Fermented Sumach on the Formation of Slime Layer of Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Objective: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most commonly isolated bacterial pathogens in hospitals, and the most frequent cause of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial staphylococcal foreign-body infections related to biofilm formation are a serious threat, demanding new therapeutic and preventive strategies. Implantation of intravenous catheters and surgical implantation of prosthetic implants carry a risk of infection. In order to prevent all these effects of biofilms, a study was designed to observe the possible antibacterial effect of sumach (Rhus coriaria) on the biofilm formation of S. aureus. Material and Methods:The influence of varying concentrations of sumach on the formation of biofilms by 13 strains of Staphylococcus aureus was tested by a microelisa assay.Results: The significant differences between varying concentrations of sumach (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 µl/ml) were observed in four methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and nine methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) (p<0.05). In bacteria, a dose-related decrease in the formation of slime, which is a major virulence factor of staphylococcal infections, was observed.Conclusion: In our study, using 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 µl/ml of sumach, thirteen strains lost, 17%, 22%, 28% and 48% respectively of their capacity to produce biofilms. Sumach, which is a herbal product, can decrease the formation of biofilm, which is a major virulence factor in staphylococcal infections.

In Vitro Screening of Antibacterial Properties of Rhus coriaria and Origanum vulgare against Some Pathogenic Bacteria

“…Alpha pinene, carvacol and thymol. Among them thymol and carvacrol are the main components of the essential oil of Oregano, which are responsible for its antioxidative, antimicrobial and antifungal effects (Kırmusaoğlu, et al, 2007).…”

Rhus coriaria (Sumac): A Magical Spice

“…Furthermore, Shabir demonstrated an important Rhus coriaria fruit methanolic extract antibacterial activity against four different bacteria Bordetella bronchiseptica, Bacillus pumilus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Klebsiella pneumonia, utilizing agar well-diffusion method [10]. Kırmusaoğlu et al evaluated in their study the Rhus coriaria antibacterial effect on the Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation where significant differences between varying concentrations of extracts on several strains of methicillin resistant/sensitive Staphylococcus aureus were observed leading to the dose-related plant extracts diminishes the slime formation noted in bacteria with a clue that reduction of the biofilm formation which is a cornerstone playing factor in staphylococcal infections can be done with them [25]. Ali-Shtayeh et al compared in their study the antimicrobial activity of Rhus coriaria among the 50 Palestinian medicinal plants against acne vulgaris, It was revealed from their result that the ethanolic extract of Rhus coriaria show a hard evidence inhibitory effect and found to be between the main active plant extracts against most bacterial strains tested including, P. acnes, and Gram-negative strains of aerobic bacteria [26].…”

Phytochemistry , Pharmacological Properties and Industrial Applications of Rhus Coriaria L. ( Sumac )

“…Significant differences between varying concentrations of the plant extract were observed in several strains of methicillin resistant/sensitive S. aureus, indicating dose-related diminishes in the slime formation noted in bacteria. Briefly, the plant extract could reduce the formation of biofilm, a major play factor in staphylococcal infections (Kırmusaoğlu et al, 2012). Among the fifty Palestinian medicinal plants that were examined to investigate their antimicrobial activities against acne vulgaris, the ethanolic extract of R. coriaria exhibited a strong inhibitory effect and was found to be among the most active plant extracts against all bacterial strains tested including, P. acnes, and Gram-negative strains of aerobic bacteria (Ali-Shtayeh et al, 2013).…”