Effects of Hyriopsis cumingii Polysaccharides on Mice Immunologic Receptor, Transcription Factor, and Cytokine

Abstract

To discuss the molecular mechanism of immunoenhancing activities of Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides (HCPS), effects of HCPS on mice immunologic receptors (toll-like receptors-4 [TLR-4] and mannose receptor-1 [MR-1]), transcription factor (nuclear factor kappa-B [NF-κB]), and cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) were evaluated by cell model in vitro and cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression animal model in vivo. Results showed that HCPS could promote the mRNA synthesis of TLR-4, MR-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in spleen, and the gene expression of TLR-4, MR-1, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α in spleen and serum in a dose-dependent manner. Crude HCPS and its purified fractions (HCPS-1, HCPS-2, and HCPS-3) could strengthen peritoneal macrophage expressing MR-1 and NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, HCPS-3 showed stronger promotions on MR-1 and NF-κB than crude HCPS, HCPS-1, and HCPS-2. It suggested that HCPS-stimulated immunostrengthening was mediated, at least in part, by TLR-4/NF-κB/IL-6 and TLR-4/NF-κB/ TNF-α signaling pathways. MR-1, IL-6, and TNF-α might be 3 of the immune regulators mediating immunity and homeostasis when HCPS performed immunoenhancing activities.

Immunomodulatory effect of polysaccharides isolated from Lonicera japonica Thunb. in cyclophosphamide-treated BALB/c mice

“…IL-6, one of the most important immune and inflammatory mediators among the pro-inflammatory cytokines, can regulate diverse cell functions (such as proliferation and differentiation of B and T cells) ( Sobota et al., 2008 ). TNF-α, also a key molecule to keep human health, can induce the expression of other immunoregulatory mediators ( Qiao et al., 2016 ). These results indicate that LJP fractions, LJP-A especially, may have regulatory effects on the enhancement of immunity through the cytokine secretions.…”

A global synthesis of ecosystem services provided and disrupted by freshwater bivalve molluscs

“…reducing blood pressure; Tsai et al ., 2006), hepato‐protective and antioxidant effects (Bai et al ., 2020), and the ability to reduce cholesterol levels (Chijimatsu et al ., 2011) and improve wound healing (Peng et al ., 2017). Some notable examples of medicinal ESs of other FB species include therapeutic effects of Pisidium coreanum and Lamellidens marginalis on bone diseases (osteoporosis and arthritis, respectively) (Chakraborty et al ., 2010; Choi et al ., 2019), and properties of S. cumingii concerned with wound repair (Dai et al ., 2010) and immunoenhancement (Qiao et al ., 2016). An example for the medicinal use of a biophysical FB product is the use of shells or their derivatives in dental implants (Wang et al ., 2006; Zhu et al ., 2011).…”

Immunomodulatory activity of a novel polysaccharide from Lonicera japonica in immunosuppressed mice induced by cyclophosphamide

“…polysaccharide can restore the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum of CTX-treated mice [ 5 ]. Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides could strengthen peritoneal macrophage expressing MR-1 and NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner [ 6 ]. In fact, several polysaccharides, such as Ginseng polysaccharides [ 7 ], Cheonggukjang polysaccharides, Trametes orientalis polysaccharide [ 8 ], Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide [ 9 ], have already been used clinically to enhance the body's immune function.…”