Effects of<i>Tomato zonate spot virus</i>Infection on the Development and Reproduction of Its Vector<i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i>(Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Xue, Zhenyi; Zhang, Jie; Chen, Yongdui; Dong, Jiahong; Zhang, Zhongkai

doi:10.1653/024.097.0228

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…reported that the pre‐adult period of F. occidentalis was 1–2 days shorter in individuals reared on TSWV‐infected pepper and datura leaf disks in comparison to controls. Similarly, Zheng et al . showed that the pre‐adult period of F. occidentalis was significantly shortened in individuals reared on TZSV‐infected pepper and tomato plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus influences the reproduction of its insect vector, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, to facilitate transmission

Wan

Hussain

Merchant

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV), one of the most devastating viruses of ornamental plants and vegetable crops worldwide, is transmitted by the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), in a persistent‐propagative manner. How TSWV influences the reproduction of its vector to enhance transmission and whether infection with TSWV changes the mating behavior of F. occidentalis are not fully understood. RESULTS TSWV‐exposed thrips had a significantly longer developmental time than non‐exposed individuals. More importantly, increased developmental time was predominantly associated with adults, a stage critical for dispersal and virus transmission. In addition, TSWV‐exposed F. occidentalis produced substantially more progeny than did non‐exposed thrips. Interestingly, most of the increase in progeny came from an increase in males, a sex with a greater dispersal and virus transmission capability. Specifically, the female/male ratio of progeny shifted from 1.3–7.0/1 to 0.6–1.1/1. As for mating behavior, copulation time was significantly longer in TSWV‐exposed thrips. Finally, females tended to re‐mate less when exposed to the virus. Resistance to re‐mating may lead to reduced sperm availability in females, which translates to a larger number of male progeny under a haplodiploid system. CONCLUSION These combined results suggest that TSWV can influence the developmental time, mating behavior, fecundity, and offspring sex allocation of its vector F. occidentalis to facilitate virus transmission. As such, a monitoring program capable of the earlier detection of the virus in host plants and/or its insect vector, thrips, using double‐antibody sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (DAS‐ELISA), real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) or virus detection strips might be beneficial for long‐term, sustainable management. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus influences the reproduction of its insect vector, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, to facilitate transmission

Wan

Hussain

Merchant

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Beside the detrimental influences imposed by a plant virus on its vector 13 14 , the beneficial effects of plant and/or insect viruses on their hosts have been also well-recorded, including improved fitness or stress resistance of plant hosts, and increased fecundity, longevity, and host suitability of insect vectors 6 29 30 31 32 . However, the impacts, harmful or beneficial, of plant virus infection on vector insects’ fitness under biotic or abiotic stress are less recognized.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance and responsive gene expression of Sogatella furcifera under extreme temperature stresses are altered by its vectored plant virus

Zhong

Feng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a newly emerged fijivirus causing great loss to rice production in eastern and southeastern Asian countries in recent years, is efficiently transmitted by a rice pest, white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) in a persistent, circulative propagative manner and can be considered as an insect virus. In this study, SRBSDV infection in WBPH was found to increase the vector’s death rate under extreme cold stress but improve its survival rate under extreme heat stress. Digital gene expression profiling based on RNA-Seq revealed different gene regulation patterns in WBPH under viral and/or temperature stress. Under cold stress, the virus infection upregulated 1540 genes and downregulated 131 genes in the insect, most of which were related to membrane properties and biological processes of actin and cytoskeleton; whereas under heat stress, it upregulated 363 genes and downregulated 548 genes, most of which were associated to metabolism and intracellular organelles. Several types of stress-responsive genes involving intestinal mucin, cuticle protein, ubiquitin protease, immune response, RNA interference and heat shock response, were largely upregulated under cold stress, but largely downregulated under heat stress, by SRBSDV infection. Our results suggest two distinct mechanisms of virus-altered vector insect tolerance to temperature stress.

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“…TZSV was first reported to naturally infect tomatoes, causing zoned ring spots on fruits in Yunnan Province, China (Dong et al ., ). In Yunnan Province, TZSV was subsequently isolated from chili peppers ( Capsicum annuum ), peppers, tobacco, Iris tectorum , potatoes and several weeds, including Bidens pilosa and Rumex dentatus (Dong et al ., ; Zheng et al ., ; Huang et al ., ; Liu et al ., ; Wu et al ., ). During a survey from 2008 to 2010 in Guangxi Province, China, TZSV was also detected from tobacco.…”

Section: Current Global Status Of the Viruses Transmitted By F Occidmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global invasion by the thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

Guo

Reitz

et al. 2019

Insect Science

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Western flower thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most economically important agricultural pests globally, attacking a wide range of vegetable and horticultural crops. In addition to causing extensive crop damage, the species is notorious for vectoring destructive plant viruses, mainly belonging to the genera Orthotospovirus, Ilarvirus, Alphacarmovirus and Machlomovirus. Once infected by orthotospoviruses, thrips can remain virulent throughout their lifespan and continue transmitting viruses to host plants when and wherever they feed. These irruptive viral outbreaks in crops will permanently disrupt functional integrated pest management systems, and typically require a remedial treatment involving insecticides, contributing to further development of insecticide resistance. To mitigate against this continuing cycle, the most effective management is early and comprehensive surveillance of the pest species and recognition of plant viruses in the field. This review provides information on the pest status of F. occidentalis, discusses the current global status of the viruses vectored by this thrip species, examines the mechanisms involved in transmitting virus-induced diseases by thrips, and reviews different management strategies, highlighting the potential management tactics developed for various cropping systems. The early surveillance and the utilization of potential methods for control of both F. occidentalis and viruses are proposed.

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Effects ofTomato zonate spot virusInfection on the Development and Reproduction of Its VectorFrankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus influences the reproduction of its insect vector, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, to facilitate transmission

Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus influences the reproduction of its insect vector, western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, to facilitate transmission

Tolerance and responsive gene expression of Sogatella furcifera under extreme temperature stresses are altered by its vectored plant virus

A global invasion by the thrip, Frankliniella occidentalis: Current virus vector status and its management

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