Effects of inhaled corticosteroids on exhaled leukotrienes and prostanoids in asthmatic children

Noninvasive methods for the detection of upper and lower airway inflammation in atopic children

“…30 The measurement of the pH values is considered a readily measurable marker of airway disease. 10 Accordingly, we showed lower values of pH in patients with intermittent and moderate asthma than in the other groups of patients and in controls. The relative low increase of the pH values in the oral EBC from patients with moderate asthma with respect to patients with intermittent asthma are probably related to the use of oral ICSs in the conventional treatment of these patients, with a consequent partial reduction of the bronchial inflammatory status.…”

“…The relative low increase of the pH values in the oral EBC from patients with moderate asthma with respect to patients with intermittent asthma are probably related to the use of oral ICSs in the conventional treatment of these patients, with a consequent partial reduction of the bronchial inflammatory status. 10 The absence of a statistical difference in the nasal EBC pH values between these 2 groups of subjects, together with the presence of a difference between AD and controls, further supports this hypothesis. It is accepted that the lower values of pH are associated with the presence of an eosinophilic inflammation of the airways in asthma.…”

“…8 In particular, the measurement of the oral EBC inversely correlates with other indices of lower airway inflammation, and it decreases during acute exacerbations in asthma. 9,10 FE NO levels are increased in children with asthma, correlate with the number of exacerbations, and are related to the acidification in the airways of subjects with asthma. 10,11 Only a few studies have addressed the comparative use of oral and nasal EBC and FE NO in asthma, AD, and AR.…”

Markers of airway inflammation in pulmonary diseases assessed by induced sputum

“…Both have been extensively studied during recent years [29,30] and their concentration correlates with severity of disease and are relatively unaffected by corticosteroids [31][32][33]. However 8-isoprostane was not found to be increased in newly diagnosed subjects with asthma [34].…”

Particulate Air Pollutants and Respiratory Diseases

“…Increased levels of EPO and MPO parallel the numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils, respectively, and are found at higher than normal levels in asthmatic peripheral blood, induced sputum, and BAL fluid (Sansers, et al, 1995). Malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances have also been detected in urine, plasma, sputum, and BAL fluid in relation to the severity of asthma (Mondino, et al, 2004, Wood, et al, 2005 In addition, 8-isoprostane, a biomarker of lipid peroxidation, is also elevated in exhaled breath condensate from adults and children with asthma (Mondino, et al, 2004, Wood et al, 2005. Generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is markedly increased during acute asthma attacks (MacPherson, et al, 2001, Wu, et al, 2000.…”