Effects of ionizing radiation on the growth and allyl isothiocyanate accumulation of Wasabia japonica in vitro and ex vitro

Abstract

Mutations were induced in tissue-cultured wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsumura) by treating in vitro-derived shoot tips with either γ-rays or X-rays at 0, 10, 20, 40 or 80 Gy. Doses of up to 40 Gy of either γ-or X-ray treatments resulted in a survival rate of more than 60% in culture after 3 mo. The use of γ-or X-rays at doses between 10 Gy and 40 Gy to induce mutation in W. japonica resulted in an alteration of the growth and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) content of multiple shoots after 3 mo. in culture on Murashige and Skoog medium containing 5 μM N 6 -benzyladenine (BA). Putative mutants from the 40 Gy treatments of either γ-or X-rays exhibited a reduction in shoot weight, number, and height, whereas treatments of either γ-rays or X-rays at 10 Gy and 20 Gy doses showed no significant differences in shoot growth. All shoots treated with 80 Gy were either necrotic or irregenerable, while those treated with 40 Gy produced deformed leaves, from both types of ionizing radiation. Concentrations of AITC were measured by the use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The accumulation of AITC was shown to decrease when doses increased in both γ-and Xray treatments, compared with the controls. Positive responses were solely occurred at 18 mo. after transfer of in vitro rooted shoots to the shade house. The survival rate, rhizome weight and AITC content of plants derived from shoots treated with 20 Gy or 40 Gy of either γ-rays or Xrays were significantly greater than those of the controls.

A Review of Propagation Techniques and Isothiocyanates Content in Wasabi (Wasabia japonica Matsum.)

“…These results are in compliance with the study of Park et al (2007). The authors choose both concentrations of MS medium for their experiments: 1 /2 MS medium (Matsumoto et al, 1994;Matsumoto et al, 2013;Hung and Johnson, 2008), full-strength medium (Hoang et al, 2017).…”

“…Shading at a rate of 30 -70 % results in a negative impact on the weight of the aboveground plant parts and thus yield (Lee et al, 2008). An interesting finding was reported using Wasabi plant ionization in in vitro culture, which resulted in a positive impact on the AITC concentration (Hung and Johnson, 2008).…”

“…Increase of AITC compound in Wasabi crop would have a positive impact in agricultural, pharmaceutical and industrial usage (Hung and Johnson, 2008).…”

“…The content of AITC in different parts of Wasabi plants may be influenced by agrotechnical measures -fertilization (Sultana et al, 2002), storage (Sultana et al, 2003b) as well as by selected factors of in vitro culture conditions (Hung and Johnson, 2008).…”

In vitro mutagenesis and identification of mutants via ISSR in lily (Lilium longiflorum)

“…It can create some novel and unique variations when the natural variability does not provide the genes for the desired trait (Velmurugan et al 2010). Related researches have been successfully carried out in potato (Al-Safadi et al 2000;Das et al 2000), banana (Bhagwat and Duncan 1998), cassava (Joseph et al 2004), sugar beet (Alikamanoglu 2002), lotus (Arunyanart and Soontronyatara 2002), wasabi (Hung and Johnson 2008), anthurium (Puchooa 2005), chrysanthemum (Barakat et al 2010), rose (Yamaguchi et al 2003), and narcissus (Lu et al 2007). …”