Effects of Macroeconomic Variables on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Pakistan

Syed, Anwar Ali Shah G.; Shaikh, Faiz Muhammad

doi:10.1016/s2212-5671(13)00082-8

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The MRW's basic estimation framework is broadly consistent with any growth model that admits balanced growth paths. The MRW model, as adopted from Syed (2010), is expressed as:…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Natural Gas Revenue on Economic Growth in Tanzania

Kondowe,

Osoro

2022

Tanzania Journal for Population studies and Development

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This article investigates the linkage between natural gas revenue and economic growth in Tanzania from 2005q1 to 2017q2 periods. The study uses unit root analysis, Gregory Hansen (GH) cointegration test, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound cointegration test, and the error correction model (ECM). The Zivot and Andrews (ZA) and Clemente-Montares-Reyes (CMR) unit root tests reveal that the series had a mixed order of integration, i.e., I(0) and I(1) with a single structural break. The GH cointegration test suggests that the break date is 2012q1. Both GH and ARDL bound cointegration tests indicate that a long-run relationship exists. The empirical results show that natural gas revenues stimulate economic growth in Tanzania both in the long-run and short-run. Thus, it validates the non-existence of the resource curse hypothesis. Moreover, since the government’s share of revenues increase with gas prices, the study recommends stimulating more economic growth by promoting more uses of natural gas in other sectors of the economy—i.e., industry, transport and households—where gas prices are high. Tanzania must also soon decide on an export-oriented liquefied natural gas (LNG) project to fetch a competitive gas price.

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“…The MRW's basic estimation framework is broadly consistent with any growth model that admits balanced growth paths. The MRW model, as adopted from Syed (2010), is expressed as:…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Natural Gas Revenue on Economic Growth in Tanzania

Kondowe,

Osoro

2022

Tanzania Journal for Population studies and Development

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“…In 2013, the political violence in the country affected the overall economic growth since the public property was destroyed and commercial centers were shut down, resulting in lower overall sales [109]. Despite having repeated extraneous economic shocks, natural disasters, and widespread poverty, the GDP growth rate of Bangladesh in 2017 was 12%, which is 10% higher than that of Pakistan, and is projected to grow at a pace of 6-7% during 2018-2020 [110]. From 1970 to 2017, the GDP has seen a +2.05% annual increase.…”

Section: Gross Domestic Product (Gdp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

et al. 2020

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India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh (IPB) are the largest South Asian countries in terms of land area, gross domestic product (GDP), and population. The growth in these countries is impacted by inadequate renewable energy policy and implementation over the years, resulting in slow progress towards human development and economic sustainability. These developing countries are blessed with huge potential for renewable energy resources; however, they still heavily rely on fossil fuels (93%). IPB is a major contributor to the total energy consumption of the world and its most energy-intensive building sector (India 47%, Pakistan 55% and Bangladesh 55%) displays inadequate energy performance. This paper comprehensively reviews the energy mix and consumption in IPB with special emphasis on current policies and its impact on economic and human development. The main performance indicators have been critically analyzed for the period 1970–2017. The strength of this paper is a broad overview on energy and development of energy integration in major South Asian countries. Furthermore, it presents a broad deepening on the main sector of energy consumption, i.e., the building sector. The paper also particularly analyzes the existing buildings energy efficiency codes and policies, with specific long-term recommendations to improve average energy consumption per person. The study also examines the technical and regulatory barriers and recommends specific measures to adapt renewable technologies, with special attention to policies affecting energy consumption. The analysis and results are general and can be applied to other developing countries of the world.

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“…Economic growth in Indonesia can be seen from the variable of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is the value of the production of goods and services produced by all residents in the region, both production activities by their own citizens or from foreign citizens (Divya & Devi, 2014;Mankiw, 2009). Economic growth can also be seen from macroeconomic variables other than GDP, namely the money supply, interest rates, exports, the exchange rate and others because the GDP variables are also affected by these macroeconomic variables (Syed & Shaikh, 2013). The relationship studied in macroeconomics is a causal relationship between macroeconomic variables as a whole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Macroeconomics Variables in Indonesia Using Vector Error Correction Model

Hapsari

Astutik

Soehono

2020

EDAJ

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This study aims to analyze the relationship between macroeconomic variables in Indonesia, namely GDP with money supply, exchange rate of rupiah to US Dollar, exports, imports and interest rates. The background problem is to analyze the best method to influence government targets or policies on economic growth by studying the relationship of macroeconomic variables. Previous studies analyzing the relationship between macroeconomic variables in Indonesia have used multiple linear regression analysis. Using VECM analysis we can find out the short-term and long-term effects on the relationship between macroeconomic variables in Indonesia. The analysis used in this study is the Vector Error Correction Model with Maximum Likelihood estimation. Based on the result, the cointegration test found that there is a long-term relationship. Based on the VECM model (3), in the short term there is a relationship between macroeconomic variables and in the long run there is a long-term causality relationship in the GDP and export models. It is expected that the Government and the Central Bank will work together cooperatively in making policies to keep control of the money supply, exchange rate of rupiah to US Dollar and interest rates to enable to stimulate the economy.

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Effects of Macroeconomic Variables on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Pakistan

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

The Impact of Natural Gas Revenue on Economic Growth in Tanzania

The Impact of Natural Gas Revenue on Economic Growth in Tanzania

An Overview on Energy and Development of Energy Integration in Major South Asian Countries: The Building Sector

Relationship of Macroeconomics Variables in Indonesia Using Vector Error Correction Model

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