Effects of melatonin on oxidative stress parameters and pathohistological changes in rat skeletal muscle tissue following carbon tetrachloride application

Abstract

Animal models demonstrating skeletal muscle (SM) disorders are rarely investigated, although these disorders accompany liver disorders and can occur during prolonged exercise/training. In cases of SM disorders exogenous antioxidants, such as melatonin, could help by generally improving tissues antioxidant capacities. We aimed to analyze the potential of melatonin in preventing biochemical and structural changes in rat biceps muscle (BM) occurring after an acute exposure to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Biceps muscles obtained from male Wistar rats belonging to different experimental groups were biochemically (determination of tissue MDA, total antioxidant capacity, GSH, CAT, SOD and GPx activities) and pathologically analyzed. Also, serum levels of potassium, LHD and CK were analyzed in all experimental animals. The obtained results were statically compared with those from vehicle-treated control group. The applied melatonin prevented potassium and intracellular enzyme leakage (CK and LDH) that was induced by CCl4, as well as an increase in tissue MDA. From a panel of determined oxidative stress parameters melatonin was able to statistically significantly prevent changes in total antioxidative capacity and in CAT, SOD and GPx activities induced by CCl4. Microscopic analysis of BM from the animals exposed to CCl4 revealed significant muscle fiber disorganization and massive inflammatory cell infiltration. All these changes were significantly ameliorated in the group that received melatonin prior to CCl4. Changes in serum and tissue biochemical parameters accompanied the observed pathological changes, which demonstrated a significant influence of melatonin in preventing skeletal muscle damage induced by CCl4.

Cadmium Accumulation and Depuration in the Muscle of Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch) after Sub-Chronic Cadmium Exposure: Ameliorating Effect of Melatonin

“…Moreover, due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, melatonin supports muscle healing after injury [ 18 ]. Mitochondria, which are numerous in muscles, are the target of melatonin, which maintains them efficiently, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage [ 20 , 41 ]. The findings from the present study suggest that the co-administration of melatonin may effectively prevent the accumulation of cadmium and thus protect against the toxic effect of the metal on the muscle of Prussian carp.…”

Acutely applied melatonin prevents CCl4-induced testicular lesions in rats: the involvement of the oxidative capacity and arginine metabolism

“…The dose, treatment regimen and route of application (intraperitoneal injection; i.p.) were chosen based on the previous publications (Sokolović et al, 2018;Ničković et al, 2018). In these publications the efficacy of MLT in preventing brain ischemic and traumatic injury, liver and pancreatic damage was proven (Ničković et al, 2018 and references cited within).…”

“…Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was determined in rat testes homogenates using a standard spectrophotometric method that is described elsewhere (Sokolović et al, 2018). The method is based on the reaction between the GSH, which remains after the enzymatic reaction that utilizes GSH and H 2 O 2 , and DTNB reagent.…”

“…The amount of lipid peroxidation was measured using a spectrophotometric in which the malondialdehyde (MDA) reacts with thiobarbituric acid, under increased heat, and forms a coloured product that can be measured at 532 nm (Sokolović et al, 2018). The concentration of MDA in testicular tissue was calculated using a standard curve and the results are expressed as nmol of MDA per mg of tissue proteins.…”

“…Melatonin (MLT) is a neurohormone produced primarily by the pineal gland cells, however, contemporary studies suggest that it might be synthesized by numerous other cells (Sokolović et al, 2018). The main role of MLT is passing the information about the daily cycle of light and darkness to the body, additionally, it regulates core temperature, sleep-wake rhythms, immune system function, tissue antioxidative defences, hemostasis and glucose levels (Claustrat, Brun, Chazot, 2005).…”