Effects of new machinable ceramic on behavior of rat bone cells cultured in vitro

Abstract

The behavior of cultured rat bone cells growing on modified polyethylene terephthalate (mPET), glass, and machinable ceramic substrates containing enstatite (MgO, SiO 2 ) and glass (CaO-P 2 O 5 -Al 2 O 3 ) was studied. Cell attachment was measured directly on the substrates using an image analysis system. Electron microscopy observations and the MTT test revealed that cells are able to spread and proliferate on the material surface, keeping a healthy ultrastructure on all materials tested in the present study. After having colonized the surface of the materials, as shown by immunocytochemistry, the cells synthesize an osteoid-like matrix composed of osteocalcin, type I collagen, and fibronectin fibrils. The titration of alkaline phosphatase activity showed that the cells grown on the ceramic exhibit a greater osteogenic activity than those grown on controls (glass and mPET). This osteogenic activity results in a mineralization of the extracellular matrix in cultures on ceramic or plastic whereas only few calcium phosphate crystallite traces were revealed by Von Kossa staining on glass. Enstatite constitutes, therefore, an environment compatible with in vitro bone cell life.

Interaction between topography and coating in the formation of bone nodules in culture for hydroxyapatite- and titanium-coated micromachined surfaces

“…Osteogenic cells from newborn rat calvaria, which have been shown to produce mineralized tissue on standard culture dishes,5, 13–16 were cultured on HA‐ and Ti‐coated surfaces. The method used for osteoblast culture has been described previously 17, 18.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Clinoenstatite Bioceramics

“…Clinoenstatite was reported as one of the four polymorphic forms of MgSiO 3 (enstatite, protoenstatite, clinoenstatite, and high‐temperature clinoenstatite) 11–15 . The sol–gel synthesis, 16–18 modified pechini, 19 precipitation method, 20,21 and solid‐state reaction methods 11,22–25 have been used to synthesize MgSiO 3 powders. Merle and colleagues 22–25 fabricated enstatite bioceramics with 5–15 wt% Ca–P glass or Ca–P–Al glass component, and the studies showed that the materials possessed good cell biocompatibility and mechanical properties.…”