Effects of nicotine in visual attention tasks

Lindgren, Magnus; Stenberg, Georg; Rosén, Ingmar

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1077(199601)11:1<47::aid-hup743>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As discussed previously, test performance that is impaired after tobacco deprivation appears to be reliably reversed to smoking baseline levels (cf., Heishman et at., 1994), whereas performance that is not degraded by deprivation may be more likely to be enhanced by smoking (Baldinger et aI., 1995). In healthy nonsmokers or non-deprived smokers, studies have generally reported no enhancing effect of nicotine or smoking on tests of selective attention (Foulds et al, 1996;Heishman et al, 1993;Lindgren, Stenberg, & Rosen, 1996;Parrott & Craig, 1992;Spilich, June, & Renner, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Bell

Taylor

Singleton

et al. 1999

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

103

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This study investigated the effects of nicotine deprivation and smoking on cognitive abilities and tobacco craving. Twenty smokers with histories of drug abuse completed the Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (QSU) and two cognitive tests before and after smoking two cigarettes during two 90-min sessions. After two cigarettes were smoked at Session 1, subjects were tobacco abstinent for 18 h until Session 2 the next morning. Response time on a logical reasoning test was unchanged by tobacco deprivation and was faster after smoking on Session 2. Deprivation slowed responding on a letter search test, which was reversed by smoking to pre-deprivation baseline. Tobacco deprivation increased scores on the QSU; smoking after deprivation reduced craving scores to smoking baseline levels. These results confirmed the utility of the QSU to measure changes in craving induced by tobacco deprivation and smoking. Further, the data suggest that deprivation-induced deficits and smoking-induced enhancements in performance may be specific to certain cognitive domains.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Bell

Taylor

Singleton

et al. 1999

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These kind of changes may result from increased attentional focus and /or mental e¦ciency (Edwards et al 1985), or they could result from increased cortical arousal (Knott 1985;Cinciripini 1986;Lindgren 1996). Desynchronization of the spontaneous activity of cells in the cortex may represent one such mechanism of arousal, which might lead to increased excitability, making the system more sensitive to incoming stimuli and resulting in enhanced cortical evoked potentials.…”

Section: E¤ects On Cortical Electrophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cigarette smoking and 12-h abstention on working memory during a serial-probe recognition task

et al. 1998

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Nicotine has been shown to affect attentional and mnemonic processes. However, whether these effects are due to changes in perceptual and/or motor aspects of the tasks is not at all clear. This study tested the hypothesis that nicotine from cigarette smoking has differential effects on perceptual and motor processes, as reflected by event-related potentials (ERPs) and reaction times (RTs), respectively, and that perceptual effects may be specific to changes in working memory. ERPs. RTs and performance accuracy were recorded from smokers and nonsmokers during a serial-probe recognition memory task in which lists of words or "memory sets" were followed by a probe word that was either in-set or out-of-set. Smokers were tested in a "smoking" and a 12-h "deprived" condition. Smoking-smokers and deprived-smokers exhibited fast RTs to in-set and out-of-set probes relative to a group of nonsmokers. They exhibited even faster RTs when the inset probe word matched the first or last item in the memory set. Thus, smokers as a group showed enhanced primacy and recency effects suggesting that smoking specifically facilitates processes related to the motor output aspects of working memory. Different effects characterized the electrophysiology. Larger P300s were recorded to in-set compared to out-of-set probes by both subject groups. Smoking smokers exhibited enhanced P300s to both types of probes. When smokers abstained for 12 h (deprived smokers), the differences in P300 amplitude were reduced but not eliminated. Smoking smokers exhibited faster P300 latencies to in-set probes, while deprived smokers showed delayed latencies relative to nonsmokers. Primacy and recency P300 effects characterized nonsmokers and deprived smokers. However, this relationship was reversed in the Smoking condition. These results support the hypotheses that nicotine has distinct effects on memory-related perceptual and motor aspects of working memory. The increase in efficiency of the memory search with nicotine is consistent with the functional role of the cholinergic system in maintaining a state "appropriate for efficient information processing."

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“…Regarding interference control, one study reported more efficient executive control with a nicotine patch in the ANT (AhnAllen et al 2008). Another study observed an overall reduction in reaction time and an improvement in correct response rate in smokers following oral snuff (Lindgren et al 1996), but there are also failures to observe nicotine effects on the flanker task (Lindgren et al 1996;Kleykamp et al 2005;Wignall and De Wit 2011;Myers et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nicotine on response inhibition and interference control

et al. 2017

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Nicotine is a cholinergic agonist with known pro-cognitive effects in the domains of alerting and orienting attention. However, its effects on attentional top-down functions such as response inhibition and interference control are less well characterised. Here, we investigated the effects of 7 mg transdermal nicotine on performance on a battery of response inhibition and interference control tasks. A sample of N = 44 healthy adult non-smokers performed antisaccade, stop signal, Stroop, go/no-go, flanker, shape matching and Simon tasks, as well as the attentional network test (ANT) and a continuous performance task (CPT). Nicotine was administered in a within-subjects, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, with order of drug administration counterbalanced. Relative to placebo, nicotine led to significantly shorter reaction times on a prosaccade task and on CPT hits but did not significantly improve inhibitory or interference control performance on any task. Instead, nicotine had a negative influence in increasing the interference effect on the Simon task. Nicotine did not alter inter-individual associations between reaction times on congruent trials and error rates on incongruent trials on any task. Finally, there were effects involving order of drug administration, suggesting practice effects but also beneficial nicotine effects when the compound was administered first. Overall, our findings support previous studies showing positive effects of nicotine on basic attentional functions but do not provide direct evidence for an improvement of top-down cognitive control through acute administration of nicotine at this dose in healthy non-smokers.

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Effects of nicotine in visual attention tasks

Cited by 11 publications

References 14 publications

Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Effects of cigarette smoking and 12-h abstention on working memory during a serial-probe recognition task

Effects of nicotine on response inhibition and interference control

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