Effects of organic transition strategies for peri-urban vegetable production on soil properties, nematode community, and tomato yield

Briar, Shabeg S.; Miller, Sally A.; Stinner, Deborah; Kleinhenz, Matthew D.; Grewal, Parwinder S.

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.12.001

Cited by 32 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The consistent use of tillage, synthetic fertilizers and pesticides probably contributed to the declining SI and increasing EI. Consequently, the SI was not a sensitive indicator of land use change in the studied tomato production context, but similar findings were reported previously ( Figure 1; Briar et al, 2011;Bulluck et al, 2002). The faunal and enrichment profiles distinguished between land use changes and were sensitive to crop management effects associated with nutrient enrichment.…”

Section: Ncp and Land Use Changesupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The combination of species of Criconemella, Helicotylenchus, Meloidogyne, Paratrichodorus, Pratylenchus, and Rotylenchus observed in our dataset are common to South African soils (Barbercheck and Von Broembsen, 1986;Marais and Swart, 2002). These nematodes were also described frequently in tomato production systems elsewhere in the world (Anwar et al, 2013;Briar et al, 2011;Bulluck et al, 2002;Cadet and Thioulouse, 1998;Ferris et al, 2004;Johnson and Campbell, 1980;. Several of these genera are known to form galls or gall-like symptoms on tomato roots (i.e., "stubby root"), an aspect that easily confound inexpert disease identification by producers and may lead to selection of cultivars with inappropriate disease resistance packages.…”

Section: Ncp and Tomato Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterivores increase when organic matter in the form of compost is applied (Briar et al, 2011;Zhao and Neher, 2013) or during intensive irrigation (Ferris et al 2004). In our study, the EI ranged from moderate to high, but the SI was always low -this was in agreement with several studies on tomato or vegetable production systems (Berkelmans et al, 2003;Briar et al, 2011;Bulluck et al, 2002;Ferris et al, 2004;Ugarte et al, 2013). The EI increases with soil disturbance (Liu et al, 2012) as soil microbes access organic matter exposed by tillage.…”

Section: Ncp and Land Use Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nematode community profiling as a soil biology monitoring tool in support of sustainable tomato production: A case study from South Africa

Malherbe

Marais

2015

Applied Soil Ecology

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Management of the biological component of agricultural soils is a vital aspect of sustainable food production systems. There is a need for soil biology metrics that producers can use as a decision support tool when it comes to managing the soil biological component of agricultural soils. We evaluated the usefulness of nematode community profiling as a soil biology monitoring tool in support of a sustainable commercial-scale tomato production system in South Africa. The objectives were to: 1) study the effects of land use change on nematode communities in the tomato production region, and 2) explore the correlation between tomato crop productivity and the nematode community metrics. The enrichment index was a sensitive indicator of land use change, but the structure index was not. Although the number and proportion of free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes increased and decreased respectively, the selective amplification of specific herbivorous genera was observed.Helicotylenchus spp. was sensitive to land use change and might serve as soil health indicator in this tomato production region. Regression analysis indicated a combination of variables associated with soil pH, free-living nematodes (notably the bacterivores) and specific plant-parasitic nematode genera (Paratrichodorus spp. and Rotylenchus spp.) predictedtomato yield (R 2 = 0.846). Despite the useful information gleaned from the nematode community metrics regarding soil food web functioning, the importance of ecologically and economically important nematode genera was re-emphasized. The results of this study highlight an important principle regarding development of soil health metrics for tomato agroecosystems: tomato crop health was not necessarily predicted solely by indicators of soil food web health and functioning.

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Section: Ncp and Land Use Changesupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Ncp and Tomato Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ncp and Land Use Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nematode community profiling as a soil biology monitoring tool in support of sustainable tomato production: A case study from South Africa

Malherbe

Marais

2015

Applied Soil Ecology

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“…Several studies comparing organic and conventional agriculture have suggested that use of organic practices increases soil organic matter, soil biological activity and plant available nutrient stocks [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] . Results from horticultural systems have been mixed and appear to vary with disturbance intensity and amendments applied 11,12 . Less is known about the ability of organic vegetable-cropped systems or systems that are not amended with animal waste to build soil organic matter and increase fertility and biological activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of organic transition strategy on chemical and biological soil tests

Ugarte

Wander

2012

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Soil testing strategies that include biologically based indicators in organic and alternative farming systems are needed in order to improve recommendations that balance production and environmental goals. In this study, soil samples were collected before and after soils were transitioned from conventional row crop production to organic management using rotations that varied in both their inputs and tillage intensity. Ley-, row crop-and vegetable-based farming systems were implemented using locally specific production practices. Subplots were imposed within each system to allow comparison of farming systems without amendment and with dairy manure-and compost-amendment. Soil analyses included standard chemical tests (0-15 cm) for available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, calcium, magnesium, pH, total organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). Biological assays (0-15 and 15-30 cm) included particulate organic matter-C and -N (POM-C, POM-N), soil and POM C:N ratios, fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, potentially mineralizable N (PMN) and hydrolysable amino-N + NH 4 (IL-N). Even though cropping and tillage intensity varied among systems (ley < row crop < vegetable), organic matter and nutrient reserves were not statistically different. Nutrient concentrations tested medium to high, even without compost or manure application. Labile fractions of soil organic matter were more enriched in the deeper sampling depth; whereby, POM stocks within the 15-30 cm depth increased by 20% on average compared to roughly 6% in the surface depth. This and observed changes in other properties demonstrate the multiple benefits derived from use of winter annual or perennial crops. Results from our analyses suggested PMN and POM have particular promise as metrics of change in commercial soil testing facilities to assist recommendations for amendments to balance production and environmental goals.

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“…Furthermore, among the various yield-limiting factors, N availability was suggested to be most important in limiting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) yields in the organic system (Clark et al 1999). Therefore, N availability might be low during organic transition to satisfy crop N demand in only 3 or more years after conversion from conventional to organic application (Pang and Letey 2000;Briar et al 2011;Liu et al 2011). It has also been speculated that insufficient N mineralization from applied organic matter through soil microorganisms limits N uptake, causing lowered crop yield during organic transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends of lettuce and carrot yields and soil enzyme activities during transition from conventional to organic farming in an Andosol

Karasawa

Takebe

Sato

et al. 2014

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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Effects of organic transition strategies for peri-urban vegetable production on soil properties, nematode community, and tomato yield

Cited by 32 publications

References 44 publications

Nematode community profiling as a soil biology monitoring tool in support of sustainable tomato production: A case study from South Africa

Nematode community profiling as a soil biology monitoring tool in support of sustainable tomato production: A case study from South Africa

The influence of organic transition strategy on chemical and biological soil tests

Trends of lettuce and carrot yields and soil enzyme activities during transition from conventional to organic farming in an Andosol

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