Effects of ozone on the yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Albis) grown in open-top field chambers

Fuhrer, Jürg; Egger, A.; Lehnherr, B.; Grandjean, A.; Tschannen, W.

doi:10.1016/0269-7491(89)90109-7

Cited by 94 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It is remarkable that, in this study, the effect of 03 is stable across three consecutive growing seasons that differed considerably in meteorological conditions (9). This shows that the concentration of 03 can be an important factor in determining the stable carbon isotope composition of field-grown wheat.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

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Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Saurer¹,

Fuhrer²,

Siegenthaler³

1991

Plant Physiol.

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The relative composition of stable carbon isotopes, 613C, was determined in flag leaves and grain of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Albis) grown in open-top field fumigation chambers and exposed to different 03 levels during the growing season. The aim of the study was to establish exposure-response relationships for the radiation-weighted seasonal mean 03 concentration and 613C ( During photosynthetic CO2 assimilation, the relative concentration of stable carbon isotopes, 6'3C2, in plants changes as a result of the discrimination of "3CO2 in favor of 12C02 (6,21 where a (-+4.4%o) is the fractionation occurring due to diffusion and b (-27%oc) is the net fractionation caused by carboxylation (mainly by rubisco) (5). According to Eq. 1, low pl/p, results in a relatively small fractionation (less negative 6"3C values). This situation occurs when stomatal conductance is small relative to the capacity for CO2 fixation, i.e. when stomatal conductance limits photosynthesis. Consequently, biochemical and physiological parameters that depend on P/Pa can be correlated with 6"3C values, and environmental conditions (water availability, temperature, ambient concentration of C02, or air pollutants) can change the isotopic composition of plant tissues by affecting uptake and/ or fixation of CO2 (5).Changes in 6'3C in C3 plants resulting from the effect of air pollutants on plants have been observed in laboratory and field experiments (1,5,13,20). When the impact of the pollutant on CO2 fixation by rubisco dominates the impact on stomatal conductance, 6'3C should become more negative because of the increase in Pi/Pa and vice versa. The 6"3C value of plant material at harvest represents an integrated measure of the plant's response to the overall seasonal pollutant exposure and could indicate which of the two processes has been more sensitive to the pollutant. Inhibition of photosynthesis and reduction of leaf conductance by 03 have been observed for a wide range of plant species (3,18,22 (17,18). Effects of 03 on stomatal conductance measured during anthesis seemed to be less pronounced than 03 effects on CO2 fixation by rubisco (10,18). The aim of this study was to assess the 03 effect on 613C by establishing exposure-response relationships for the seasonal 313

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…As 03 concentration increased, a marked decrease in grain yield was observed (9). Correlation analysis of the combined data from the three seasons yield highly significant negative correlation coefficients (r= -0.75 for leaf 613C and grain yield and r = -0.87 for grain 613C and grain yield).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Saurer¹,

Fuhrer²,

Siegenthaler³

1991

Plant Physiol.

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“…This response might have originated either from a direct effect of ozone on pod growth, or because these pods produced fewer mature seeds, as also reported for soybean (Kress & Miller, 1983). Evidence that pod length is at least partly determined by the number of seeds present was reported by Pechan et al (1980), who showed that pod wall growth in B. napus occurs only adjacent to & Mulchi, 1974Heagle et al, 1979Kress et al, 1985Amundson et al, 1987Lehnherr et al, 1987Kohut et al, 1987Mulchi et al, 1986Heck et al, 1988Slaughter et al, 1989, 1993§ Fuhrer et al, 1989, 1992Adaros et al, 1990Pleijel et al, 1991† De Temmermann et al, 1992Ska$ rby et al, 1993Miller, 1993Fangmeier et al, 1994Wahid et al, 1995Rudorff et al, 1996bSoja, 1996† Finnan et al, 1996Mulholland et al, 1998a,b Ojanpera$ et al, 1998 Gimeno et al, 1989Snyder et al, 1991Reinert et al, 1992 …”

Section: Floral Initiation and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Muskmelon Gimeno et al, 1989Reinert et al, 1992Snyder et al, 1988Simini et al, 1987, 1989 Pleijel et al, 1994Shannon & Mulchi, 1974Mulchi et al, 1986§ Fuhrer et al, 1989, 1992Finnan et al, 1996Mulholland et al, 1998a Triticum aestivum Wheat Fangmeier et al, 1996Mulholland et al, 1997a, 1998b et al, 1981a,b Kats et al, 1985Nishi et al, 1985Kobayashi et al, 1995 Triticum aestivum Wheat Shannon & Mulchi, 1974§ Heagle et al, 1979Kress et al, 1985Mulchi et al, 1986§ Amundson et al, 1987Fuhrer et al, 1989, 1992Slaughter et al, 1989, 1993Pleijel et al, 1991† Fangmeier et al, 1994Wahid et al, 1995Finnan et al, 1996Rudorff et al, 1996bMulholland et al, 1998aOjanpera$ et al, 1998 …”

Section: Cucumis Melomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability of some species to maintain seed yield following ozone exposure might Brassica napus Oilseed rape Bosac et al, 1998Triticum aestivum Wheat Kress & Miller, 1983Mulchi et al, 1986‡ Fuhrer et al, 1989, 1992Finnan et al, 1996Rudorff et al, 1996aPleijel et al, 1991, 1997 Gimeno et al, 1989Reinert et al, 1992 …”

Section: Effects On Seed and Fruit Yield And Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tansley Review No. 115

et al. 2000

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Sexual reproductive development is a crucial stage in the life cycle of higher plants as any impairment of the processes involved might have significant implications for the productivity of crop plants and the survival of native species. There is considerable evidence that exposure to ozone, even at current ambient levels in many industrialized countries, reduces grain and fruit yields and adversely affects yield quality. It is also well established that sensitivity to ozone may differ not only between species, but also between cultivars and populations of individual species, and that the impact of exposure is highly dependent on ozone concentration and the duration and timing of exposure. However, few studies have attempted to distinguish between the direct effects of air pollutants on reproductive development, and indirect effects mediated by injury to the vegetative organs and associated changes in the supply of assimilates and other essential resources to support reproductive growth, or the levels of endogenous growth regulators. This review considers the impact of ozone on the reproductive biology of agricultural and native species, and examines its direct effects on specific reproductive processes. The extent to which compensatory responses redress the adverse effects of exposure is also explored, with particular reference to recent studies of Brassica napus (oilseed rape), Brassica campestris (Wisconsin Fast Plants), Plantago major (greater plantain) and Triticum aestivum (wheat).

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Chlorophyll A Fluorescence and Chlorophyll Content in Parmelia Quercina Thalli from a Polluted Region of Northern Castellon (Spain)

et al. 1996

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Measurements of modulated chlorophyll a fluorescence emission and chlorophyll content were made in thalli of Parmelia quercina collected from northern Castellon(Spain). Althoug high air pollution concentrations have been measured in this area, the ratio of variable to maximal fluorescence is unaffected. Following dark-adaptation, the response to irradiance of chlorophyll fluorescence was examined. With respect to control samples, thalli collected in northern Castellon consistently showed differences in fluorescence quenching, the efficiency of excitation energy capture and quenching of basal fluorescence. However, the quantum ield of photochemistry and non-cyclic electron flow were not affected. The changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were observed in the absence of both visual injuries and decrease in chlorophyll content. The results are discussed with regard to the possible role of environmental stress in chlorophyll fluorescence yield.

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Effects of ozone on the yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Albis) grown in open-top field chambers

Cited by 94 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Tansley Review No. 115

Chlorophyll A Fluorescence and Chlorophyll Content in Parmelia Quercina Thalli from a Polluted Region of Northern Castellon (Spain)

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Effects of ozone on the yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Albis) grown in open-top field chambers

Cited by 94 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ13C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ13C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Tansley Review No. 115

Chlorophyll A Fluorescence and Chlorophyll Content in Parmelia Quercina Thalli from a Polluted Region of Northern Castellon (Spain)

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Product

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Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Influence of Ozone on the Stable Carbon Isotope Composition, δ¹³C, of Leaves and Grain of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)