Effects of Plasma Dynamics on Lasing in Fast Capillary Discharge

Abstract

The timing, intensity, and pulse width of lasing signals in fast capillary discharge plasma at a strong 2p 5 3p-2p 5 3s transition of Ne-like Ar are experimentally investigated. To clarify the lasing mechanism, the results are compared with those obtained by numerical calculation using a one-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) simulation code. The comparison indicates that the lasing occurs when a cylindrically imploding shock wave arrives at the axis of the capillary and it depends not only on the electron density and temperature but also strongly on the effects of time-varying refraction and the opacity of the pinching plasma.

On the mechanisms of the influence of preliminary ionization on the plasma dynamics of nanosecond capillary discharges and the properties of discharge-based EUV lasers

“…see figure 2 and the numerical results in [31]). To clarify the issue a detailed analysis of simulation results together with experimental data on lasing times was performed in [31]. Authors considered a number of factors (refraction, spectral broadening, self-reabsorption, ionization relaxation) that can directly affect laser generation efficiency.…”

“…However, for different experimental conditions this may not be the case (e.g. see figure 2 and the numerical results in [31]). To clarify the issue a detailed analysis of simulation results together with experimental data on lasing times was performed in [31].…”

Extreme ultraviolet lithography with table top lasers

“…After the first demonstration in Colorado State University, several groups have demonstrated EUV laser emission with systems based on a capillary discharge scheme in laboratories in Italy, China, Japan, Malaysia and the Russian Federation [48,[68][69][70][71][72].…”

Impact of discharge current profile on the lasing efficiency of 46.9 nm capillary discharge soft x-ray laser

“…The system has now been emerged as a very compact table-top coherent x-ray source reliably working at few Hz repetition rate [11][12][13]. Several research groups worldwide have contributed to the progress of this field and the field still continues to grow even two decades after its first experimental demonstration [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. These groups have not only demonstrated the x-ray lasing under different exper imental conditions but also helped in understanding the role of various experimental parameters on the lasing action [20,22,29,30,31].…”