Effects of post-absorptive and postprandial exercise on 24h fat oxidation

Shimada, Kenshiro; Yamamoto, Yuki; Iwayama, Kaito; Nakamura, Kimihiro; Yamaguchi, Sachiko; Hibi, Masanobu; Nabekura, Yoshiharu; Tokuyama, Kumpei

doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2012.12.008

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…First, fat oxidation during exercise in the morning (9:00 h) and evening (17:00 h) was not different when evaluated 3 h after consumption of an identical meal [36]. Second, only a 4-h difference in exercise timing affected 24-h fat oxidation; compared to exercise performed after breakfast (10:30–11:30 h), exercise performed before breakfast (06:30–07:30 h) oxidized significantly more fat [17]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects

et al. 2017

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BackgroundExercise performed in a postprandial state does not increase 24-h fat oxidation of male and female subjects. Conversely, it has been shown in male subjects that exercise performed in a postabsorptive state increases 24-h fat oxidation compared with that in sedentary control and that with exercise trials performed after breakfast, lunch, or dinner. There is a paucity of study evaluating the effect of exercise performed in a postabsorptive state in female subjects.MethodNine young female subjects participated in indirect calorimetry measurement over 24-h using a room-size metabolic chamber in which subjects remained sedentary or performed 60 min exercise before breakfast at 50% of . Exercise was accompanied by an increase in energy intake to ensure that subjects were in a similar state of energy balance over 24 h for the two trials.FindingsCompared with the sedentary condition, exercise performed before breakfast increased 24-h fat oxidation (519 ± 37 vs. 400 ± 41 kcal/day). Time courses of relative energy balance differed between trials with transient negative energy balance observed before breakfast. The lowest values of relative energy balance observed during the 24-h calorimetry, i.e., transient energy deficit, were greater in exercise trials than in sedentary trials. The transient deficit in carbohydrate balance was also observed before breakfast, and magnitude of the deficit was greater in exercise trial compared to that of sedentary trial.InterpretationUnder energy-balanced conditions, exercise performed in a post-absorptive state increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects. The effect of exercise performed before breakfast can be attributed to nutritional state: a transient deficit in energy and carbohydrate at the end of exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects

et al. 2017

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“…70 While in the future it might become possible to justify a rationale for defining meals 71 based on a certain mixture of nutrients, a logical starting point to define the essential conditions 72 of breakfast per se would be based on the quantity and timing of energy consumed. We propose 73 that a quantity of 50 kcal represents an appropriate arbitrary threshold to exclude common 74 ingestive behaviours that would neither be recognised as a 'meal' by the majority of people nor 75 meaningfully shift our physiology towards the fed-state, a marker of which could be a detectable 76 perturbation in exogenous and/or endogenous substrate utilisation (thus one standard tea/coffee 77 would be unlikely to meet this criterion).…”

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confidence: 99%

Is breakfast the most important meal of the day?

et al. 2016

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1The Bath Breakfast Project is a series of randomised controlled trials exploring the effects of 2 extended morning fasting on energy balance and health. These trials were categorically not 3 designed to answer whether or not breakfast is the most important meal of the day. However, this The broad field of nutrition and health is rife with myths, misconceptions and frequently 24 posed yet seemingly fundamental questions that we intuitively feel should have simple answers. 25Is a calorie a calorie? Is obesity due to eating too much or doing too little? Is breakfast the most 26 important meal of the day? Often there are simple answers, the first two being central to the 27 themes considered in this review and both absolutely yes (just as a second is a second, one 28

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“…Also, Frawley et al, 2018 reported that fasted resistance exercise relies more heavily on fat metabolism than carbohydrate [28] . Other studies have found similar reliance on fat as a fuel source during fasted aerobic exercise [29][30][31][32] . Remarkably, IF during early adulthood, and also during mid-life, was sufficient to extend lifespan, indicating a "memory" effect Hormesis is a phenomenon by which "low-level" toxic stress elicits response mechanisms that protect against similar but higher-level stresses associated with aging.…”

Section: Letter To the Editormentioning

confidence: 69%

Intermittent Fasting and Adding More days to Life

Mohiuddin

2019

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research

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Intermittent fasting (IF) is currently one of the world's most popular health and fitness trends. Several IF patterns have been studied. Not all were shown to be equally effective. Also, each person's experience of intermittent fasting is individual, and different styles will suit different people. The potential health benefit list of IF is long: accelerated weight loss, reduced inflammation, lower cholesterol, longer lifespan, blood sugar stabilization, and prevention of type 2 diabetes. Emerging research suggests IF may also lead to a healthier brain, longer life, and even aid cancer treatment. Placing time restrictions on feeding has been shown to have broad systemic effects and trigger similar biological pathways as caloric restriction. One key mechanism responsible for many of these beneficial effects appears to be "flipping" of the metabolic switch. The metabolic switch typically occurs in the third phase of fasting when glycogen stores in hepatocytes are depleted and accelerated adipose tissue lipolysis produces increased fatty acids and glycerol. Just changing the timing of meals, by eating earlier in the day and extending the overnight fast, significantly benefited metabolism even in people who didn't lose a single pound.

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Effects of post-absorptive and postprandial exercise on 24h fat oxidation

Cited by 28 publications

References 34 publications

Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects

Exercise before breakfast increases 24-h fat oxidation in female subjects

Is breakfast the most important meal of the day?

Intermittent Fasting and Adding More days to Life

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